Sentences with phrase «molecule signal the cell»

When the CD4 on the CAR molecule binds to HIV, other regions of the CAR molecule signal the cell to become activated and kill the HIV infected cell.

Not exact matches

CRAC channels control the entry of calcium into immune and other cell types, and calcium is an important intracellular signaling molecule that modulates cytokine production and the immune response.

When dosed with the drugs, these neurons, which produce the signaling molecule dopamine, let positively charged ions leave the cell, thereby damping the cells» hyperactive firing.

In the direct reprogramming, the researchers exposed the adult skin cells to a specific mix of signaling molecules the scientists» past research had found would convert healthy skin cells directly into a type of brain cell called medium spiny neurons, without intermediate steps along the way.

Mitochondria, specialized organelles found in nearly every cell of the body, use cellular respiration to generate one of the most important sources of chemical energy — adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a versatile nucleotide that powers everything from cell division to cell signaling to transportation of large molecules across the cell membrane.

The protein expressed by the gene is thought to bind to serotonin receptor molecules and ferry them to the cell surface, positioning them to receive serotonin's signals from neighboring cells.

Receptors are «molecular switches» — when a specific molecule binds to them, they change shape and send a signal to the cell to perform a certain function.

He and his colleagues discovered many of the key molecules and signaling systems that guide nerve cells to make connections during development of the nervous system.

Levels of a nerve cell signaling molecule called substance P — measured in tear samples — might be a useful marker of diabetes - related nerve damage (neuropathy), suggests a study in the July issue of Optometry and Vision Science, the official journal of the American Academy of Optometry.

Researchers filled in other details about the selective role of LKB1 in regulatory T cells, including that the molecule unexpectedly works through the Wnt signaling pathway to adjust regulatory T cell function.

«That upheld our hypothesis, which was that biochar could interfere with cell signaling, most likely by binding with the fatty - acid molecules that the speakers were using to broadcast their message.»

Loss of LKB1 by regulatory T cells was also associated with increased levels of signaling molecules or cytokines associated with the Th2 immune response, Kai said.

The research team also discovered that if the pancreas is inflamed, fluid from the pancreas contains signaling molecules that induce acinar cells to transform into duct - like cells.

Her team discovered that stem cells take up calcium phosphate to produce ATP, a metabolic molecule, which then breaks down into adenosine and signals the stem cells to become osteoblasts.

The receptor then triggers the release inside the cell of a second signal: a molecule called cyclic AMP (cAMP).

The research team demonstrated that even when produced directly in cells, this molecule still prevents the HIF - 1 signalling and the associated adaptation to hypoxia in these cells.

Several target molecules have also been identified in intracellular signalling pathways and in cell survival proteins.

In the melanoma cell to its right, red indicates activity of a signaling molecule called PI3 - kinase.

Researchers still don't know how this range corresponds to their versatile functions, but being more like a string than like a lump with keyholes means that a protein can make many contacts with other molecules to regulate the network of signals that drives the cell.

In mice with pancreatic tumors, Kalbasi and other members of the team found relatively high levels of inflammatory compounds including CCL2, the signaling molecule that activates CCR2 on monocytes and macrophages to make these cells migrate to tumors.

Latest research from the National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS, Bangalore), now shows that maintaining Calcium balance in cells is also needed for another purpose — it may be regulating the levels of an important signalling molecule called dopamine in the brain.

The researchers found in a study in colon cancer cells that AIM2 limits the activation of the signaling molecule Akt.

When the environment is favorable, neurons alert egg cells to ramp up production of signaling molecules called prostaglandins.

Other researchers have shown that the ability of microglia to engulf dead neurons depends on adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a ubiquitous energy source and signalling molecule that is released from damaged cells.

Once the cells were well on their way to becoming muscle, Bursac and Rao stopped providing the Pax7 signaling molecule and started giving the cells the support and nourishment they needed to fully mature.

And it's essential to understand how neurobiological processing conducted by molecules and cells and electrical signaling gets translated into behaviors, from simple bodily movements to complex social interactions.

Saitou's efforts to find out precisely what is needed to make germ cells, to get rid of superfluous signals and to note the exact timing of various molecules at work, impressed his colleagues.

Now, though, it is becoming clear that antibodies, signalling molecules and even immune cells often get through, sometimes with radical effects.

The dynamics of the loops are important for the binding of signalling molecules inside and outside of the cell.

Cell biologists would like to reduce the complex communication patterns traced by molecules that regulate the health of the cell to a set of signaling ruCell biologists would like to reduce the complex communication patterns traced by molecules that regulate the health of the cell to a set of signaling rucell to a set of signaling rules.

The pluripotent stem cells are then grown while being flooded with a molecule called Pax7 — which signals the cells to start becoming muscle.

Some scientists are trying to inject signaling molecules into the eye to stimulate light - collecting photoreceptor cells to regrow.

Atoh1, also known as Math1, makes a signalling molecule known to orchestrate the development of hair cells in embryos.

Ironically, TRAIL normally delivers a signal for cells to die, but the Trinity scientists found that this molecule can also send a wound - healing message from tumour cells.

One of the four new reported loci is expected to lower the protein expression of UBASH3A, a molecule that regulates T - cell signaling and correlates with lowering the risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Mice without Del - 1 that had been induced to get EAE also had significantly higher numbers of inflammatory cells in their spinal cords at the disease's peak, a fact that further experiments revealed was due to increased levels of the signaling molecule IL - 17.

It is comprised of lipid signaling molecules called endocannabinoids — which can be thought of as the body's own «natural cannabis» — that bind to cannabinoid receptors located on cells throughout the body.

The ability to track markers inside and outside a cell simultaneously, and to map them atop images showing the cell's shape, is also helping researchers study the metabolic effects of signaling molecules, such as G - protein - coupled receptors.

Then there's the West Palm Beach symposium, held to recruit participants for a study testing what happens when aging people get infusions of plasma (the fluid part of blood packed with signaling proteins and other molecules but no red or white cells) from young people who've taken a drug meant to activate their immune system.

Frey and his colleagues made use of mathematical models to analyze the complex interplay between ecological factors and population dynamics, and were able to demonstrate that populations can indeed respond in a coordinated fashion to chemical information even when the signal molecules are generated by only a subset of the cells.

The rapidly proliferating cells, they found, also sported a specific cell - signaling molecule.

Breast cancer cells were bathed in a nutrient - rich liquid, and, as the cancer cells grew, the investigators detected secretions of a signaling molecule called interleukin - 6 (IL6) in the liquid.

The authors note that more work must be done, however, because only one of these species engaged in a full cycle of listening and speaking in which the artificial cells sensed the molecules coming from the bacteria, and the bacteria could perceive the chemical signal sent in return.

One study showed that ovarian tumors produce a signaling molecule that serves to attract regulatory T cells, a subclass of adaptive immune cells responsible for quieting other T cells.

By interaction with externally docking ligand molecules, external signals are transmitted into the cell.

Its analgesic effect stems from the compound's ability to inhibit the production of cytokines and chemokines, which are small signaling molecules that attract inflammatory macrophages to the nerve cells.

When a THC molecule binds to one of these CB1 receptors, it changes form, triggering a cascade of various signals inside the cell.

Bacterial cells communicate with one another by using chemical signal molecules, which they synthesize and secrete into their surroundings.

The study focused on the serotonin transporter, a molecule that regulates the amount of serotonin signaling between brain cells and is a major target for treatment of depression and mood disorders.

In a study being published in the journal Neuron, researchers show that the signal molecule TGF - beta acts as a time signal that regulates the nerve stem cells» potential at different stages of the brain's development — knowledge that may be significant for future pharmaceutical development.