Molting failure was caused by lyciumoside IV ingestion in glycosidase - silenced Manduca sexta caterpillars (b, c, d) in comparison to the control (a).
Glycosidase - silenced larvae which ingested the deglycosylated product did not show such
molting failure and mortality.
The scientists infer that these larvae have not yet evolved the mechanism to co-opt lyciumocide IV and so they have to detoxify it in order to avoid
the molting failure and mortality caused by its ingestion.