Now a reanalysis of data on nearly 10,000 magnetic tapes from 1969 to 1977 has brought the nature
of moonquakes into focus.
One of those researchers, Renee Weber, a lunar and planetary scientist at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, detected hundreds of
new moonquakes in the old data.
But scientists could piggyback on those journeys to study topics such as the plasma environment around the lunar poles, or to begin establishing a network of geophysical landers that would listen
for moonquakes.
For unclear reasons,
deep moonquakes seem largely confined to the side of the moon facing Earth.
Seismologist Raphaël Garcia of the University of Toulouse in France and his colleagues, on the other hand, analyzed two wave types from three
moonquakes after calibrating the seismic stations.
Also, the rocks astronauts brought back from the Moon have identical oxygen and titanium isotopic ratios as those on Earth.78 If large impactors came from Earth,
most moonquakes should be on the near side.
This equipment monitored the moon's meager atmosphere, listened for the faint rumbles
of moonquakes and asteroid impacts and measured lunar heat flow.
An Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) from Apollo 16 measures seismic waves on the lunar surface:
moonquakes.
The team speculate that a meteorite impact,
moonquake, or pressure created by gravitational tugs from the Earth could have triggered a minor ceiling collapse in the tube.
While Shepard is most remembered for hitting a golf ball on the moon, he also helped collect almost 100 pounds of moon rocks, and conducted several seismic experiments to investigate the region's «
moonquakes.»
Sorting through 40 - year - old records of
moonquakes (red dots) has apparently revealed a liquid - iron core (yellow) and a solid - iron inner core (orange).
Like an earthquake,
a moonquake sets off ripples of motion called seismic waves that speed through surrounding rock.
Moonquakes are sparse and feeble, the moon's impact - shattered crust garbles any seismic signals, and computers of that era couldn't handle the complete data set.
During those eight years, some 6,000
moonquakes, including dozens not previously detected, rumbled deep within the satellite, say planetary scientists at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California.
Moonquakes: That the moon shakes with small quakes has been known since Apollo astronauts deployed seismic stations on the lunar surface.
Large nuclear explosions on or near the moon to trigger «
moonquakes» were proposed, partly to study seismic activity in space and partly to prove that they could do something of that magnitude (a show of force, of sorts).