Employers often find themselves at risk of
a moral damage award because of unchecked animosity between the terminated employee and his or her manager.
Importantly, the Court of Appeal also concluded that Zochem's cursory investigation and dismissal of the sexual harassment complaint were proper considerations for
the moral damages award.
Not exact matches
How much medical evidence must a party seeking
damages for mental stress caused by the manner of his or her dismissal from employment, i.e.
moral damages or «Wallace»
damages, lead at trial in order to receive an
award of the same?
In the result, the trial judge
awarded Ms. Doyle ten months» wages in lieu of notice; $ 25,000 in
damages for sexual harassment; and $ 60,000 in
moral damages, which the Ontario Court of Appeal upheld.
This is the highest
award for
moral damages in employment law in the country and one of the largest amounts for punitive
damages, says Galea's lawyer, Natalie MacDonald.
An Ontario judge has
awarded $ 750,000 in punitive and
moral damages to a former Wal - Mart Canada executive — an
award lawyers say is one of the highest in Canadian employment law history.
As a result, the Court
awarded $ 200,000.00 in
moral damages for pre-termination conduct and $ 50,000.00 for litigation conduct.
The Bank was not able to prove those allegations and the plaintiff was
awarded wrongful dismissal and
moral damages.
In Honda Justice Bastarache wrote at paragraph 69 that certain types of compensatory
damages designed to reimburse the plaintiff (such as an
award of
moral damages) already carry an element of deterrence.
Despite the magnitude of the $ 750,000.00
award, employers should note that as a large company, Wal - Mart can be expected to face higher
moral and punitive
damages than a smaller company would for the same behaviour.
The denial of short term disability benefits without adequate evidence may be considered a breach of an employer's good faith obligation and may be a factor in justifying an
award for
moral damages.
The Court of Appeal held that
moral damages, on the other hand, are
awarded as a result of dismissal where the employer has conducted itself in a manner that is unfair or in bad faith, and which results in mental distress.
The trial judge also
awarded Doyle $ 60,000 in
moral damages on the basis of Zochem's conduct both leading up to and following the termination of her employment, including:
On February 15, 2017, the Ontario Court of Appeal released Doyle v. Zochem Inc., 2017 ONCA 130, a significant decision in which the Court affirmed that
moral damages may be
awarded for termination - related employer conduct that is unfair or is in bad faith and which causes the employee mental distress.
Although the trial judge found that the AGM's conduct did not rise to the level of the tort of intentional infliction of mental distress, the effect of her actions on Doyle's mental state contributed to the trial judge's
award of
moral damages.
So - called «general» or «non-economic»
damages in civil claims where someone is killed are
awarded based upon California Civil Jury Instruction 3921, which states that a jury must come up with a dollar figure value for the loss of, «love, companionship, comfort, care, assistance, protection, affection, society,
moral support.»
An additional $ 60 000 was
awarded for the bad faith dismissal to compensate the employee for
moral damages suffered, with all the aforementioned factors considered.
The Supreme Court of Canada in Wallace v. United Grain Growers Ltd1 set out examples of bad faith employer conduct at the time of dismissal that will justify an
award of
moral damages.
Decisions that predate Honda are easily spotted because the court will refer to the
award of
damages for bad faith dismissal as «Wallace»
damages rather than
moral damages.
The Supreme Court of Canada stated in Honda Canada Inc. v. Keays.1 that an
award of
moral damages is based on the principle, articulated in Hadley v. Baxendale, 2 that
damages are recoverable for a contractual breach if the
damages are «such as may fairly and reasonably be considered either arising naturally... from such breach of contract itself, or such as may reasonably be supposed to have been in the contemplation of both parties».
Medical evidence will increase the likelihood that a court will
award moral damages.
Damages for bad faith dismissal (a.k.a moral damages) are no longer be awarded by an arbitrary extension of the notice
Damages for bad faith dismissal (a.k.a
moral damages) are no longer be awarded by an arbitrary extension of the notice
damages) are no longer be
awarded by an arbitrary extension of the notice period.
Therefore, the courts are reluctant to
award both
moral and punitive
damages and will do so only in exceptional cases, because of the concern that an
award of both would represent double recovery for the plaintiff.
Emily Gold Waldman, F. Patrick Hubbard, In Honor of Walter O. Weyrauch: Substantive Due Process Limits on Punitive
Damages Awards: «
Morals Without Technique»?
While there has been a limited amount of case law in relation to this remedial power, in the recent decision of Doyle v. Zochem Inc., 2017 ONCA 130, the Ontario Court of Appeal found that both
moral damages and human rights
damages may be
awarded for termination - related employer conduct that is unfair or is in bad faith and which causes the employee mental distress.
Quebec Human Rights Tribunal Commission's action in favour of complainant allowed; over $ 200,000 in material
damages, $ 25,000 in
moral damages and $ 50,000 in punitive
damages awarded; Bombardier ordered to cease automatically applying American government decisions to training under Canadian licence.
Also, Active Tire & Auto Centre Inc. denied that there was anything in its conduct toward the employee that would justify an
award of
moral damages.
The Court
awarded Galea $ 200,000 in
moral damages for pre-termination conduct of Wal - Mart and a further $ 50,000 for its litigation conduct.
In a decision issued on December 7th, Justice Emery issued an
award of $ 750,000 for
moral and punitive
damages to a senior managerial employee who effectively found herself benched for almost 10 months prior to her actual date of dismissal.
They also argue that the amount of $ 400,000
awarded for
moral damages exceeds the threshold recognized by the Court.
That being said, while Quebec courts will sometimes hesitate to
award moral damages to corporations for troubles and inconveniences, they often
award damages for reputational
damages, which are considered
moral damages.
$ 400,000 of that amount was
awarded for
moral damages.
Indeed, a few weeks ago, the Commission des relations du travail, Quebec's labour tribunal,
awarded a worker $ 3,000 in
moral and punitive
damages following an earlier 2010 decision concluding that the Charter had been violated (see Pouliot c. Quality Inn & Suites Lévis, 2010 QCCRT 592 (CanLII) and Pouliot c Quality Inn & Suites Lévis, 2011 QCCRT 214 (CanLII)-- the decisions are in French).
The Court of Appeal allowed the action and
awarded Jones $ 10,000 in «symbolic» or «
moral damages» indicating that Tsige's actions did not cause Jones any financial loss.