The American university aims at a kind of rational autonomy and sees an
education in reason as identical to an
education in morality; however, it no longer draws upon the reflections of those Enlightenment
thinkers on the great tension between
moral authority and rational self - sufficiency.
«Critical pedagogy,» a body of
education theory represented by the writings of Henry Giroux, Peter McLaren, Michael Apple, and other leftist - leaning
thinkers, takes its cue from the Durkheim quotation above, but it carries the notion of schools as agents of
moral instruction and socialization far beyond what Durkheim envisioned and what the public expects.