Sentences with phrase «more atmospheric levels»

Q = specific humidity (at surface or on one or more atmospheric levels).

T = temperature (at surface or on one or more atmospheric levels).

Not exact matches

This implies that risks are not too big or overarching (like resource scarcity, rising levels of atmospheric CO2, or global warming) but are more focused e.g. extreme weather, increased greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture or from energy use, or a lack of fresh water.

And if the atmospheric methane reaches levels of 1 percent or more?

«Despite stronger solar wind and EUV - radiation levels under the early Sun, ion escape can not explain more than 0.006 bar of atmospheric pressure lost over the course of 3.9 billion years,» says Robin Ramstad.

For this reason, he and his colleague predict the Moon condensed in a pressure of more than 10 bar, or roughly 10 times the sea level atmospheric pressure on Earth.

Although chlorine levels are falling, thanks to agreements that banned chlorofluorocarbons, levels of bromine — which is 45 times more effective at zapping ozone — are still rising, says atmospheric chemist Dale Hurst of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, Colorado.

Assuming atmospheric pressure at ground level, nine atm is more than enough to «hang» a water column in a narrow tube (tracheids or vessels) from the top of a 100 meter tree.

Using different instruments, satellites can measure atmospheric aerosol levels, ground elevations, and more.

Previous studies have suggested that temperature and, more specifically, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels influence body size more via an indirect impact on food availability and nutritional content.

Overall, dippers had higher mercury levels than most other songbirds tested in western North America, which may be due to more atmospheric deposition of mercury in snow at these high elevations.

That heated surface air then rose into the atmospheric boundary layer — the lowest level of the troposphere — doubling its height to more than 4 kilometers, and creating a thick blanket of heat.

Human - caused climate change caused the storm to drop significantly more rain than storms would have before atmospheric carbon dioxide levels spiked from the consumption of fossil fuels, according to research published yesterday.

Over the past 250 years, human activities such as fossil fuel burning have raised the atmospheric CO2 concentration by more than 40 % over its preindustrial level of 280 ppm (parts per million).

Plants are the original carbon capture and storage solution: as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels rise, plants absorb more of the gas to fuel photosynthesis, and more carbon is stored in the soil.

Fisher's pen makes up for a lack of gravity by storing ink in a cartridge pressurized with nitrogen at 35 pounds per square inch — more than twice as much force as sea - level atmospheric pressure on Earth.

Earth's average temperature has remained more or less steady since 2001, despite rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases — a trend that has perplexed most climate scientists.

In the North Atlantic, more heat has been retained at deep levels as a result of changes to both the ocean and atmospheric circulations, which have led to the winter atmosphere extracting less heat from the ocean.

«These findings add to mounting evidence suggesting that there are sweet spots or «windows of opportunity» within climate space where so - called boundary conditions, such as the level of atmospheric CO2 or the size of continental ice sheets, make abrupt change more likely to occur.

By analyzing boron in shells accumulated over more than 2 million years, Hönisch was able to reconstruct in unprecedented detail how atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have changed over time.

As atmospheric CO2 levels increase from burning fossil fuels, this carbon dioxide is soaked up by seawater and makes the oceans more acidic.

For example, in a simulated world where the atmospheric CO2 levels were double today's values — a scenario many scientists believe likely — models predict that Earth will warm by more than 2 °C.

Siberian surface rock was loaded with carbon, resulting in runaway global warming as atmospheric CO2 levels more than doubled.

According to two studies published late last year, atmospheric levels of other, more potent gases that also affect climate are on the rise.

The team from AWI, meanwhile, will soon begin a $ 5 million project off Palau in the west Pacific, funded by the European Union, to take more measurements of atmospheric chemicals that will help it estimate OH levels better.

But this also means that targets such as stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 450 parts per million (nearly double preindustrial levels) to avoid more than a 3.6 degree F (2 degree C) temperature rise are nearly impossible as well.

Meanwhile, atmospheric greenhouse gas levels grow, ice sheets melt, hurricanes become more ferocious, and the day of reckoning for the Earth looms closer.

But the new study accounts for more climate variables, not just temperature, that could come into play, including atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and rainfall patterns.

The evidence here is more circumstantial, but Danish researcher Lars - Georg Hersoug notes that atmospheric levels of the gas have risen during the same period and that in the United States, obesity has increased most rapidly on the East Coast, where CO2 concentrations are highest.

From an instantaneous doubling of atmospheric CO2 content from the pre-industrial base level, some models would project 2 °C (3.6 °F) of global warming in less than a decade while others would project that it would take more than a century to achieve that much warming.

His work has shown that limiting cumulative emissions of carbon dioxide may be a more robust approach to climate change mitigation policy than attempting to define a «safe» stabilization level for atmospheric greenhouse gases.

Increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide could also significantly alter ocean temperatures and chemistry over the next century, which could lead to increased and more severe mass bleaching and other stressors on coral reefs.

Newly published research in «PNAS» identifies what authors call a «vertical human fingerprint» in satellite - based estimates of atmospheric temperature changes, adding still more to confidence levels about human influences in warming.

While 2015 may prove to be a fluke, computer models predict similar conditions will become more common as atmospheric levels of man - made greenhouse gases increase.

Video games have been trying to accomplish this for decades through general absurdity of the situation (Bionic Commando), interjecting huge exposition dumps to make the game more atmospheric (Metal Gear Solid) or even going as far as to creating levels which replicate those found in adventure movies (the Uncharted series).

The new GSL statement outlines evidence that a relatively modest rise in atmospheric CO2 levels and temperature leads to significant sea level rise, with oceans more acidic and less oxygenated.

I am not assuming — there is overwhelming evidence (from copious data, much of which can be found on or linked to from this web site) that global temperatures are rising at a rate that may soon seriously disrupt human civilization, and that the best explanation for the cause of that projection (based on even more data) is human - driven, rising atmospheric CO2 levels.

The whole issue is that any level above what is often called the «effective radiating level» (say, at ~ 255 K on Earth) should start to cool as atmospheric CO2 increases, since the layers above this height are being shielded more strongly from upwelling radiation... except not quite, because convection distributes heating higher than this level, the stratosphere marks the point where convection gives out and there is high static stability.

I'd like to see someone study whether the 150 - year history of alpine glacial retreat tracks more closely with reduction of mature forest near glaciers than it does with atmospheric CO2 levels.

Seeing this as a baseline, positive CO2 feedback from temperature changes, or a running out of capacity for greater uptake from CO2 accumulation, would be seen as adding more CO2 to the air in addition to anthropogenic releases, but it would have to surpass some level before it would result in a total atmospheric accumulation of CO2 greater than anthropogenic emissions (first, as a rate, and later, cummulative change).

Phasing out these subsidies over the next decade would achieve more than 30 percent of the cuts in carbon emissions necessary to keep rising atmospheric temperatures at no more than 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, the IEA says.

The disturbing conclusion, documented in a paper I have written with several of the world's leading climate experts, is that the safe level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is no more than 350 ppm (parts per million) and it may be less.

This new study has demonstrated that cold polar surface waters will start to become corrosive to these calcifying organisms once the atmospheric CO2 level reaches about 600 parts per million, which is 60 % more than the current level but which could be attained by the middle of this century.

However, when heated to temperatures of over 705 °F and pressures of more than 3200 pounds per square inch (psi; atmospheric pressure is about 15 psi at sea level), water enters a unique, supercritical phase.

«Climate sensitivity» remains a subject of intense investigation, and what counts as hellish is a matter of judgment, but United Nations climate negotiators have settled on a goal to limit atmospheric carbon dioxide to 450 parts per million, which would cause the global mean temperature to peak no more than 3.6 °F above preindustrial levels.

It is indeed true that at current atmospheric levels, CO2 would drop to 50 % of its current value over about 100 years (or perhaps less) if no more were added, so that recycling among the various components of the system were the only process ongoing.

More carbon dioxide should mean more vigorous growth, so more tree growth should start to reduce the atmospheric carbon levMore carbon dioxide should mean more vigorous growth, so more tree growth should start to reduce the atmospheric carbon levmore vigorous growth, so more tree growth should start to reduce the atmospheric carbon levmore tree growth should start to reduce the atmospheric carbon levels.

Today we have more accurate series for atmospheric d13C changes than tree rings: ice cores, firn air and direct measurements give a smooth (be it filtered ~ 8 years) indication of historical d13C levels.

If the anthropogenic forcing wouldn't keep increasing anymore (because we would manage to suddenly reduce CO2 emission to a level that merely compensates upkeep by sinks, somehow, and the atmospheric concentration would remain constant) then surface temperature would slowly rise until the TOA balance is restored (and then rise some more as slow feedbacks kick in).

The first is climate inertia — on very many levels, from fossil lock - in emissions (decades), ocean - atmospheric temperature inertia (yet more decades), Earth system temperature inertia (centuries to millennia) to ecological climate impact inertia (impacts becoming worse over time under a constant stress)-- all this to illustrate anthropogenic climate change, although already manifesting itself, is still very much an escalating problem for the future.