We'll need to see
more black hole mergers before we can tell, though — the signal doesn't give a clear answer either way.
Not exact matches
Physicists concluded that the first detected gravitational waves, in September 2015, were produced during the final fraction of a second of the
merger of two
black holes to produce a single,
more massive spinning
black hole.
All the previous gravitational - wave detections since the first in September 2015 had been the result of two merging
black holes — objects much
more massive than a neutron star — which have left only gravitational waves as fleeting clues of their
merger.
A
black hole merger in a massive galaxy like M87 would yield detectable gravitational waves for 4 million years, for instance, while a
more modest galaxy such as the Sombrero Galaxy would offer a 160 - million - year window.
However, Marc Kamionkowski, a theoretical physicist at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, says the signal from the
merger of
more - massive
black holes should be stronger and detectable from a greater distance.
But
black hole mergers would be much
more reliable distance markers than supernovae, says Avi Loeb of Harvard University.
The existence of
black holes tens of times
more massive than our Sun was confirmed recently by the observation of gravitational waves, produced by the
merger of pairs of massive
black holes, with the LIGO interferometer.
By comparing the models to recent observations of clusters in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond, the results show that Advanced LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational - Wave Observatory) could eventually see
more than 100 binary
black hole mergers per year.
The afterglow shows that the
merger spewed between 0.1 and 0.2 solar masses of newly formed radioactive elements into space,
more than could have escaped from a
black hole.
But Goldstein and Racusin said that LIGO is expected to detect
more merging
black holes in the coming years, as many as 100 such
mergers per year at the instrument's peak design sensitivity, Goldstein said.
«This is a tantalizing discovery with a low chance of being a false alarm, but before we can start rewriting the textbooks, we'll need to see
more bursts associated with gravitational waves from
black hole mergers,» study lead author Valerie Connaughton, of the National Space, Science and Technology Center in Huntsville, Alabama, said in a statement.
More - stringent tests will be possible if and when LIGO detects
black -
hole mergers that are larger than this one, or that occur closer to Earth than the Event's estimated distance of 1.3 billion light years, and thus give «louder» waves that stay above the noise for longer.
«Some supermassive
black holes spin at
more than 90 % of the speed of light, which suggests that they gained their mass through major galactic
mergers.»
Since then, researchers have picked up
more waves from
black hole mergers and even colliding neutron stars.
LISA is tuned to detect lower frequencies and longer wavelengths produced by
mergers between
black holes millions of times
more massive than the sun.
The «smoking gun» would be if a
black hole in a
merger was smaller than 1.45 solar masses: Below this so - called Chandrasekhar limit, no
black holes can form after a stellar explosion — it would have to form in another process, making it
more likely to be primordial.
Some short - duration GRBs may be the product of
mergers between neutron stars (or neutron stars and
black holes) in close binary systems (
more from Insights Magazine and the movie).
In 2005, astronomers announced that GRB 050709 and GRB 050509B may be have created by collisions involving two neutron stars (
more from Chandra X-Ray Observatory) and ESO), but that the presence of a second flare by GRB 050724 was
more likely to have been produced by a neutron star's
merger with a
black hole (ESO).
Black holes in the centers of galaxies could accelerate
mergers between objects and produce
more ripples in space - time, also known as gravitational waves, a new study suggests.
We'll see how the authors explored the ramifications of throwing several unassociated
black hole (BH) «strangers» into the mix (it's complicated — accretion, three - body interactions, and
more are at play in mediating
mergers), and what it could mean in the context of recent GW discoveries.