Research in the field of extrasolar planets is advancing rapidly as new technologies enable the detection of smaller and
more distant planets as well as the characterization of previously detected planets.
The more distant planets (Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) which move slower and have a greater distance to travel, complete just a fraction of their orbits in this time.
Barring the appearance of flying saucers, there are two broad possibilities: either we have a close encounter with our neighbours by visiting the planets and moons next door; or we make an interstellar phone call to creatures inhabiting much
more distant planets that circle alien suns.
The more distant planets and their squadrons of satellites remained as tantalising dots of light even with a telescope, allowing plenty of scope for imagination about conditions on those alien worlds.
As scientists learn more about the magnetospheres of planets in our solar system, it can help us one day identify magnetospheres around
more distant planets as well.
«It's not fair to take the close - in planets and assume that
the more distant planets are just like them,» says exoplanet astronomer Courtney Dressing of the University of California, Berkeley.
In England, the gifted young mathematician John Couch Adams meticulously calculated where
a more distant planet must be orbiting to exert gravitational effects responsible for the oddities in Uranus» orbit.
Not exact matches
The chances that your spirit for want of a better word will live on, is
more likely going to be your the form of energy either in another dimension or with another life form from a
distant planet who by most accounts from so many writings and drawings all across our earth has a higher probablity than some guy named jesus or his never caring ignorant father or a holly ghost (remember when that was the real name).
It is rather ironic that we can forecast the far
distant future of this
planet more clearly than we can foresee the immediate human future on its surface.
TRAPPIST - 1, which is 39 light - years
distant and just 8 % the mass of the sun, caught the team's attention because it was obvious from multiple dips that
more than one
planet orbited the star.
Batygin and Brown continue to refine their simulations and learn
more about the
planet's orbit and its influence on the
distant solar system.
Here, tugged and flexed by the
planet's huge gravitational pull, as well as that of the
more distant moons Europa and Ganymede, friction keeps Io piping hot.
And indeed
Planet Nine's existence helps explain
more than just the alignment of the
distant Kuiper Belt objects.
Among other expected insights, a
more detailed study of the chaotic Pluto - Charon system could reveal how
planets orbiting a
distant binary star might behave.
Kasting adds that far - out
planets will be fainter and harder to see than close - in
planets, so finding these
distant worlds will be
more difficult, as will studying their atmospheres.
However,
more - massive stars penetrating the Oort cloud in the
distant past might have triggered major comet showers that pummelled the
planets and led to some of the mass extinction events on Earth, says Mamajek.
If climate change gets catastrophic — and the world sees
more than 6 degrees Celsius warming of average temperatures — the
planet will have left the current geologic period, known as the Quaternary and a
distant successor to the Ordovician, and have returned to temperatures last seen in the Paleogene period
more than 30 million years ago.
Emitted in a
distant galaxy when multicellular life was just beginning to populate Earth, the waves traveled at the speed of light for
more than a billion years to at last wash over our
planet last September, taking just seven milliseconds to traverse the distance between LIGO's twin listening stations in Louisiana and Washington State.
Simulations indicate that, given Rhea's size and
distant orbit around Saturn, this moon could potentially hang on to a ring for millions of years or
more before the
planet's pull overcomes Rhea's hold.
The social robots were
more efficient and effective than single robots, Laurent Keller's team reports, suggesting that setting loose swarms of robots might be a robust and flexible strategy for exploring
distant planets.
Data gathered when the dwarf
planet Makemake passed in front of a
distant star last year are shedding new light on the icy orb's size, shape, and atmosphere — or,
more precisely, its lack of one.
Then 75
more years passed before Brown located the
distant dwarf
planet Eris and showed that Pluto is not alone.
Microlensing works on a much smaller scale: Individual stars or
planets focus the light of
more distant stars, making the background star appear to grow brighter and then dim again.
Techniques now coming of age allow astronomers to
more easily photograph
distant planets rather than inferring their presence indirectly
The astronomers carefully measured how long it takes for each
planet in the system to complete one orbit around TRAPPIST - 1 — known as the revolution period — and then calculated the ratio of each
planet's period and that of its next
more distant neighbour.
With its heavy - lift capability, the rocket can fling larger probes to
distant planets more quickly — and, perhaps,
more cheaply — than previous rockets.
While brighter stars have
more distant habitable zones,
planets orbiting dimmer stars would have to huddle much closer.
The hottest point on a gaseous
planet near a
distant star isn't where astrophysicists expected it to be — a discovery... read
more
«The ability to see very close to stars also allows us to search for
planets around
more distant stars, where the
planets and stars would appear closer together.
Pluto may have recently been demoted to the status of dwarf
planet, but as astronomers learn
more about this
distant body, they are learning it behaves
more like a
planet than once believed.
Equipped with a 12 - meter mirror, it would also be about 100 times
more powerful, giving it the capability to observe the atmospheres of
planets orbiting around
distant suns.
And as a nifty bonus, the telescope will be able to spot
distant exoplanets in the heart of the Milky Way, and its second instrument will be able to gather data about their atmospheres, which can tell scientists whether a
planet is
more like Neptune or Jupiter, for instance.
«Kepler Spacecraft Detects
More Than 1,200 Possible
Planets Orbiting
Distant Suns.»
Scientists estimate that by 2020 or so, we should be able to directly image
distant planets, analyze their atmospheres, and look for telltale signs of biological life
more easily than ever before.
It turns out that OGLE -2007-BLG-349 was caused by a
planet orbiting two stars, both tiny red dwarfs, drifting in front of a
more distant bright star.
Enough observations would allow an orbit to be calculated, but even two observations should make a
planet more likely than a
distant star if (relative) motion is detected.
A pointlike object could be a
planet, or a
more distant star.
To maintain Mercury's tight inner orbit around the Sun, the
planet must move much faster than Earth needs to in its
more distant Solar orbit so that a spacecraft must gain about 65,000 miles per hour (105,000 km per hour) to «catch» it.
Microlensing relies upon measurements of the gravitational bending of light (predicted by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity) from a
more distant source by an intervening star and its
planets.
Future telescopes, like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), will be able to give researcher
more information about
distant planets.
Overall, the number of
planets known to orbit
distant stars grew from under 100 to
more than 2,000 in the past 10 years, Steffen said, with another 2,000 likely
planets awaiting confirmation.
«Many of these systems may have formed similarly to Kepler - 223, but then later became destabilized, perhaps by a
more distant massive
planet or perhaps by the cumulative effect of the scattering of many smaller planetesimals left over from the
planet - building process.»
The Kepler Mission has detected the possible transits of several hundred potential super-Earth - and Earth - sized
planets around
distant stars (
more).
In the second panel, Sedna is shown well outside the orbits of the outer
planets and the
more distant Kuiper Belt objects.
That fact, combined with computer simulations, led the scientists to conclude that the dust particles in the disk are kept within the disk by the gravitational effect of two
planets — one closer to the star than the disk and one
more distant.
Will Ferrell voices the title character, who as an infant refugee from an exploding
distant planet lands in a prison — while his heroic nemesis, Metro Man (Brad Pitt) is raised in a
more positive environment.
With three observatories, two equipped with 14 inch computer - controlled telescopes, and the third with Star Chairs bearing powerful astronomical binoculars, Arkaroola's visitors can observe sibling
planets,
distant galaxies, globular clusters, emission nebulae and
more.
12/4/17: «Thank You Pimples» By Ben Jon Miller 12/5/17: «Sleeping Man In A
Distant Planet» by American Fantasy Classics 12/6/17: «The Joke in In You» By Ben Jon Miller 12/7/17: «Abiding Stasis» by American Fantasy Classics 12/8/17: «No
More Limbs» by Ben Jon Miller 12/9/17: «Slug
Planet» by Manal Kara 12/10/17: «Worms of the Earth» by American Fantasy Classics
Boris (# 121) points out that contrarians are
more than happy to accept the trends calculated for a few
distant planets if it obscures the cause of the trends seen on Earth — even though the data which we have on those trends have a great deal
more uncertainty associated with them (see Nicholar L's # 88), and as an explanation in terms of solar variability is not credible (ibid.)
At times, as Steve Coll makes clear in his remarkable book Private Empire, the oil industry has been willing to use explicit violence — those attack dogs in North Dakota have their even
more brutal counterparts in
distant parts of the
planet.