Sentences with phrase «more galaxies in the clusters»

As anticipated, the team did indeed find that many more galaxies in the clusters had stopped forming stars compared to galaxies of the same mass in the field.

Not exact matches

Dark matter was first proposed more than 70 years ago to explain why the force of gravity in galaxy clusters is so much stronger than expected.

The red - orange region in the middle represents the fireball's charged gas, or plasma, and has lower entropy — that is, it has more order — than the even hotter green galaxy cluster it moves through.

In this case, Hubble observed how the gravity of this cluster distorted the light from more distant galaxies, and determined that the cluster's ordinary matter couldn't account for all of the distortion.

For instance, one theory holds that when the quark - gluon soup turned into more ordinary matter, it did so in lumps that eventually gave rise to galaxies and clusters of galaxies.

Ellis, his PhD student Dan Stark and their colleagues trained one of the world's biggest telescopes, the Keck 2 atop Hawaii's Mauna Kea, to scan light grazing massive clusters of closer galaxies [see image above], which focused the light coming from more ancient galaxies behind them and magnified it 20 times in a process called gravitational lensing.

The gravitational pull of matter in the cluster bends and twists the light from more distant galaxies, producing a plethora of strange optical effects ranging from distorted arcs to multiple images of the same background object.

Above left: Galaxy cluster CL0024 +1654 bends the light of more distant galaxies, producing the peculiar arc - shaped formations in this groundbreaking Hubble image.

The surrounding cloud of ionised gas is producing more microwaves than clouds around other star clusters in our galaxy.

What's more, as Zwicky first wrote in a Swiss journal, galaxies in the Coma cluster seemed to be moving in relation to one another at rates that would violate the laws of gravity, unless you posited the mysterious presence of a great deal of Dunkle Materie (or dark matter).

In the Fornax cluster (right) the core cloud is swept back like a comet's tail toward the top of the image, indicating it is moving through even more diffuse gas on a collision course with the galaxy at lower left.

The Milky Way, the galaxy we live in, is part of a cluster of more than 50 galaxies that make up the «Local Group», a collection that includes the famous Andromeda galaxy and many other far smaller objects.

In terms of mass they lie between the more commonly found stellar - mass and supermassive types of black hole [3], and could tell us about how black holes grow and evolve within clusters like Messier 15, and within galaxies.

However, through the phenomenon known as «gravitational lensing,» a massive, foreground cluster of galaxies acts as a natural «zoom lens» in space by magnifying and stretching images of far more distant background galaxies.

Known as an ultra-compact dwarf, this type of system has up to a billion stars and can be similar in mass to a galaxy, but it is compact and looks more like a star cluster.

Zooming in (right) shows more detail of the elongated galaxy, including the spherical clusters of stars around its core.

It didn't show up in photographs, even in silhouette, but there had to be a lot of this mysterious dark stuff — more than 10 times the mass of all the stars — to keep the Coma cluster from spraying galaxies all over the cosmos.

Prior to 1989, it was commonly assumed that virialized galaxy clusters were the largest structures in existence, and that they were distributed more or less uniformly throughout the universe in every direction.

Remarkably, the distribution of star - forming galaxies around a cluster of galaxies in the more distant universe (5 billion years ago) corresponds much more closely with the weak lensing map than a slice of the more nearby universe (3 billion years ago).

The researchers are now looking to identify more galaxy clusters using this technique, with the aim of looking further back in time to the earliest stage of cluster formation.

By comparing the models to recent observations of clusters in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond, the results show that Advanced LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational - Wave Observatory) could eventually see more than 100 binary black hole mergers per year.

These results highlight the impressive possibilities of the Frontier Fields programme with more galaxies, at even earlier time, likely to be revealed when Hubble peers at three more of these galaxy clusters in the near future.

Visualizations of the simulated distributions of gas and stars in the Universe from data provided by Cosmowebportal: The cube represents a space section of the Universe (more than 300 million light years), the bright spots on the cube faces show galaxies and galaxy clusters along the cosmic web.

In fact, astronomers may have already unknowingly detected this effect, because they've observed that the peak brightness of what should be uniformly luminous supernovae varies more from explosion to explosion in isolated galaxies, which are more likely to lie on the edge of a void, than in galaxies residing in clusterIn fact, astronomers may have already unknowingly detected this effect, because they've observed that the peak brightness of what should be uniformly luminous supernovae varies more from explosion to explosion in isolated galaxies, which are more likely to lie on the edge of a void, than in galaxies residing in clusterin isolated galaxies, which are more likely to lie on the edge of a void, than in galaxies residing in clusterin galaxies residing in clusterin clusters.

According to Bertolami, a variable gravitational constant readily explains why galaxies in clusters are being whirled around so rapidly: the individual galaxies attract each other more strongly than predicted by Newtonian gravity.

Globular clusters, which are found in the halo of a galaxy, contain considerably more stars and are much older than the less dense galactic, or open clusters, which are found in the disk.

The large velocities of the galaxies in the clusters are produced by more gravity force than can be explained with the gravity of the visible (either shining or blocking light) matter in the galaxies.

Visible in even small telescopes at the southern edge of the Virgo cluster of galaxies, the Sombrero Galaxy is a spiral galaxy more massive than the Milky Way seen nearly edge - on from a distance of about 28 million light years away.

The cluster Abell 1689 magnified the infrared light of an infant galaxy from 12.8 billion years in the past enough to just barely be detected by the infrared camera on the Hubble Space Telescope and by the Spitzer Space Telescope (see the STScI press release for more on that).

Below - three more galaxies in the Eridanus cluster.

Below - three more galaxies in the Fornax cluster.

But if approved, K2 will be looking at a much more diverse region of sky with a wide range of astronomical and astrophysical phenomena: planets with short orbits around cooler stars (which, if in their star's habitable zone, could still harbor water); young, still - forming proto - stars, which could provide insight into star and planet formation; and supernovae and galaxy clusters.

While making a routine search of the GLASS team's data, Kelly spotted the four images of the exploding star on Nov. 11, 2014, in the galaxy cluster MACS J1149.6 +2223, located more than 5 billion light - years away.

August 15, 2014 The Comet Galaxy, a spiral galaxy in Sculptor Image Credit: NASA & ESA The Comet Galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a little more mass than our Milky Way galaxy, located 3.2 billion light - years away from Earth, within the galaxy cluster Abell 2667, in the small southern constellation of Sculptor.

We find good agreement in the regions of ove... ▽ More We derive an accurate mass distribution of the galaxy cluster MACS J1206.2 - 0847 (z = 0.439) from a combined weak - lensing distortion, magnification, and strong - lensing analysis of wide - field Subaru BVRIz» imaging and our recent 16 - band Hubble Space Telescope observations taken as part of the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) pcluster MACS J1206.2 - 0847 (z = 0.439) from a combined weak - lensing distortion, magnification, and strong - lensing analysis of wide - field Subaru BVRIz» imaging and our recent 16 - band Hubble Space Telescope observations taken as part of the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) pCluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) program.

Of all the globular clusters in the Local Group of galaxies, only Mayall II in the Andromeda Galaxy is brighter and more massive.

At some point in the last few billion years, dark energy became dominant in the universe and thus prevented more galaxies and clusters of galaxies from forming.

The study's results suggest that compact galaxies in galaxy clusters like CL J1001 likely form their stars during brief and more violent outbursts than galaxies that are outside such clusters.

This portion of the spectrum, which is more energetic than most radio waves yet less energetic than visible and infrared light, holds the key to understanding a great variety of fundamental processes, including planet and star formation, and the formation and evolution of galaxies and galaxy clusters in the early Universe.

To explain this, astronomer Fritz Zwicky first introduced the concept of dark matter in 1933, when his measurements of galaxies moving within a galaxy cluster showed they must have at least ten times more invisible matter than what is visible.

In the first scenario, the Milky Way would have formed when star clusters merged to form the galaxy's bulge, or core, which then accreted more gas and dust to form its flattened disk of spiral arms.

By studying the velocities of the galaxies in the cluster he showed that the cluster contained much more dark, invisible matter than visible matter.

By studying different models of just how mass is positioned in the galaxy cluster, astronomers could predict one more light path for Refsdal, one that would delay the light reaching the telescope until late 2015 or early 2016.

The blue points show the spiral galaxies and irregular galaxies, they are clearly more numerous in the outer parts of the cluster.

«The protocluster will very likely grow into a massive cluster of galaxies like the Coma cluster, which weighs more than a quadrillion suns,» said Purdue University astrophysicist Dr. Kyoung - Soo Lee, who initially spotted the protocluster and is one of the authors in this study.

In addition to my Frontier Fields work, I am leading a large new Hubble program called RELICS to observe 41 more lensing galaxy clusters.

In 2000, Chandra observed a gigantic cloud of hot gas enveloping the galaxy cluster Abell 2029, leading astronomers to estimate that the cluster must hold an amount of dark matter equivalent to more than a hundred trillion suns!

Some of the new results included deeper understandings of galaxies in the distant universe, more complete pictures of the massive galaxy clusters, and the searches for exploding massive stars, called supernovae.

IMAGE: Artistic composition of the radio telescopes in space and on the ground observing NGC 1275, the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster of galaxies at a distance of 230 million... view more

Subsequently, however, an even more distant quasar with a tentative redshift of z = 6.40 was announced on January 9, 2003, near the SDSS detection limit of a redshift of z ~ 6.5 for bright quasars, and other teams of astronomers detected even more distant, fast - star - forming irregular proto - galaxies, including: gravitationally - lensed HCM 6A behind galaxy cluster Abell 370 with a redshift of z ~ 6.56, which appears to be converting about 40 Solar - masses into stars annually; (PhysicsWeb; IFA press release; Hu et al, 2002, in pdf; and erratum); and the possible «superwind - galaxy» LAE J1044 - 0130 (Subaru press release; and Ajiki et al, 2002, in pdf).