Sentences with phrase «more surface melt»

If the temperatures had been above average, there would have been more surface melt and heating of the ocean surface layer; this would have accelerated the melt rate of the ice.

The story goes — warmer temperatures, more surface melting, more meltwater draining through moulins to glacier base, lubricating glacier bed, reducing friction, increasing velocity, and finally raising sea level.

Not exact matches

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By: Alison Roman Ingredients MAKES 8 SERVINGS 1/4 cup granulated sugar 1 3/4 teaspoons baking powder 3/4 teaspoon kosher salt 2 cups cake flour, plus more for surface 1 large egg 1/2 cup buttermilk 2 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted Vegetable oil (for frying; about 4 cups) Matcha Sugar Topping, Sweet Matcha Powder,... Continue reading →

That melting does transfer carbon into surface waters, but scientists have recognized in recent years that there's much more to the permafrost story, Romanovsky says.

While Venus might have once had oceans and a more temperate climate (SN Online: 8/26/16), today it is home to a crushing carbon dioxide atmosphere and surface temperatures exceeding 460 ° C — hot enough to melt lead.

When the researchers took density of snow into account, they found that ice shelves lost about five times more ice by submarine melting than they gained from new surface snowpack.

For more than 100 years, researchers have worked under the assumption that smaller crystals melt easily because they have a larger percentage of atoms on the surface, where they're relatively weakly bound to the structure.

The blooming leads to a runaway effect: The more glaciers and snow fields thaw the more algae bloom which in turn results in a darkening of the surface which again accelerates melting.

Greenland's surface is absorbing more solar radiation as melting increases grain size and brings old impurities to the surface.

«Instead of emerging at the surface, much of that heat is melting the ice shelves,» Hansen says, producing more fresh water and amplifying the feedback.

Even if we don't have a lot of melting because of atmospheric conditions one year, the surface is more sensitive to any kind of input the sun can give it, because of the previous cycle.»

Quantitative analysis has evidenced the acceleration system of melting ice: dark water surfaces absorb more heat than white ice surfaces, thus melting ice and making more water surfaces in the Arctic Ocean.

Thinner ice means a darker surface, which increases the region's capacity to store heat and thus enables more melting.

When snow melts in response to warming, more sunlight can be absorbed at Earth's surface because most surfaces have a lower reflectivity than snow.

New research shows that more than four billion years ago, the surface of Earth was heavily reprocessed — or mixed, buried and melted — as a result of giant asteroid impacts.

By contrast, magnesium is much more abundant than lithium, has a higher melting point, forms smooth surfaces when recharging, and has the potential to deliver more than a five-fold increase in energy density if an appropriate cathode can be identified.»

Still, on more than half the days in June, July, and August, the spatial extent of surface melt exceeded the 1981 — 2010 average.

But the sheet has started to melt because of climate change, so more water is probably flowing across the surface of the islands underneath the...

There are no rocks on the earth or on the moon, however, that are more than four billion years old; before that time the surface of both bodies is believed to have melted in the final stages of their accretion..

There are more open water leads within the ice, and the surface melt of the sea ice is more intensive than before.

Within four days, more than 90 percent of the ice's surface had begun to melt — the most since satellite tracking began in 1979.

The researchers had expected the ocean to play a bigger role in eroding away the coastline, as it has elsewhere — especially as climate change is causing more Arctic sea ice to melt away, leaving the surface of the water exposed.

The research published in Nature Communications found that in the past, when ocean temperatures around Antarctica became more layered - with a warm layer of water below a cold surface layer - ice sheets and glaciers melted much faster than when the cool and warm layers mixed more easily.

The accelerating melting of land ice into the sea makes the surface of the ocean around Antarctica colder, less salty and more easily frozen, leading to extensive sea ice in some areas.

Heat generated by the impacts left up to 10 percent of the planet's surface covered with melt sheets more than a kilometer thick.

On Earth, plate tectonics forces basaltic rock deep closer to the hot mantle until melting and mixing with water forms lighter granitic rock that eventually rises to the surface through volcanic activity to form continental crust (more).

Small and dry Mercury (as well as Earth's Moon) became frozen before much melting could occur, and so its surface may have no more than 350 different minerals.

Not only does the melted chocolate taste better, studies show that melted chocolate covers more surface area within your mouth and tastebuds, increasing the intensity of flavour, which improves satiety without you having to eat more.

For more than thirty years now and despite the crude, thoroughly secular appearance of the images» surfaces, Martin's work has been tapping into various different traditions of spiritual abstraction, for which New York, where Martin has been living since 1975, has been the proverbial melting pot.

Often large in scale, these drawings are typically made with a thick impasto of black paintstick (or, more recently, lithographic crayons melted into a brick), which is applied to a surface in broad, dense passages.

I like the fact that the authors and other experts cautioned us to not conclude «more widespread surface melting could not eventually destabilize vast areas of the world's second - largest ice storehouse».

Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice > water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of glaciers; — sea water getting under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)

BTW, my fearless «denialism forecast» for the next month is for declining mentions of surface temperature trends, 30 - 50 % chance of more scientist bashing, and sporadic outbreaks of «Arctic sea ice recovery» — at least until the melting season gathers some steam.

I suspect that in many places all those contaminants stay on or near the surface and accelerate warming and melting as they concentrate more and more.

There's much more to discuss about the significance of surface melting in relation to Greenland ice loss and — in the end — a rising contribution to the oceans and sea - level rise.

As surface water increases with melting ice will more evaporation create more overcast, and stop the warning, and even send us shivering for the igloo.

Another possibility might be a slowing of deep circulation (not sure how much there is, mind), in which case the opposite occurs, and the surface waters heat up even faster, leading to yet more rapid surface melt, smaller winter ice volumes and so on.

Thicker ice sheets can be more resistant to melting by having colder surfaces (but also depress the crust more, so that when melting occurs, it may leave ocean instead of land (isostatic adjustment being a slow process — from memory, a timescale of ~ 15,000 years?)

Surface melt on the ice sheet is constrained by the albedo, but a lake is dark and could absorb much more solar radiation.

For example: 1) plants giving off net CO2 in hot conditions (r / t aborbing)-- see: http://www.climateark.org/articles/reader.asp?linkid=46488 2) plants dying out due to heat & drought & wild fires enhanced by GW (reducing or cutting short their uptake of CO2 & releasing CO2 in the process) 3) ocean methane clathrates melting, giving off methane 4) permafrost melting & giving off methane & CO2 5) ice & snow melting, uncovering dark surfaces that absorb more heat 6) the warming slowing the thermohaline ocean conveyor & its up - churning of nutrients — reducing marine plant life & that carbon sink.

Ultimately if the freshwater melt was a dominant (which seems hard to believe given the scale of the wind - driven gyre transport) factor, it would be entrained into the gyres at the surface and you'd see an overall freshening of North Atlantic surface waters to make the whole system more like the Pacific, which has a much weaker meridional overturning circulation.

1) The extra heat is going to latent heat (e.g., melting ice) on the surface so the temperatures don't rise even though there's more heat and / or

Thermokarst collapse would also lead to isolated blocks of permafrost with larger surface area to volume ratio, which would be more easily melted.

Finally, there is another way how ice sheets can contribute to sea level rise: rather than melting at the surface, they can start to flow more rapidly.

It may be a change activity in shallow water or surface sediment organisms producing more methane, rather than increased melting in deep sediments — isotope ratios ought to help clarify that.

Most of the West's surface water comes from snowpack, which is declining as more precipitation falls as rain and snowpack melts earlier, leaving less water available for summer when it is needed most.

As reflective ice melts, the ocean surface may absorb more solar energy, raising ocean temperatures and starting a feedback loop the melts the remaining ice faster.

What scientists once thought was a fairly simple linear process — that is, a certain amount at the surface of an ice sheet melts each year, depending on the temperature — is now seen to be much more complicated.

Snow and sea - ice reflect the sun's energy very effectively so, as they melt, more energy is absorbed at the earth's surface.