... According to a review by Lovich and Ennen (2013), the construction and operation of
wind farms have both potential and known impacts on terrestrial vertebrates, such as: (i) increase in direct
mortality due to traffic collisions; (ii) destruction and modification of the habitat, including road development, habitat fragmentation and barriers to gene flow; (iii) noise effects, visual impacts, vibration and shadow flicker effects
from turbines; (iv) electromagnetic field generation; (v) macro and microclimate change; (vi) predator attraction; and (vii) increase in fire risks.