Sentences with phrase «motion of electrons»

This back and forth motion of the electron beam causes it to emit electromagnetic radiation.

At that point, the ordinarily chaotic motion of the electrons gives way to a more orderly collective behavior governed by quantum mechanics.

In contrast, the coordinated, marching - band - like motion of electrons in vanadium dioxide is detrimental to heat transfer as there are fewer configurations available for the electrons to hop randomly between.»

Varga's research focuses on the interaction of lasers and matter at the atomic scale and is part of the new field of attosecond science — an attosecond is a billion billionths of a second — that is allowing scientists to study extremely short - lived phenomena such as the making and breaking of chemical bonds and tracking the real - time motion of electrons within semiconductors by probing them with attosecond pulses of laser light.

A free electron can interact with a photon in a process called Thomson scattering: the electron is accelerated and the incident light is polarised along the direction of motion of the electron.

Researchers also believe that the collective motions of electrons inside topological insulators will mimic several of the never - before - seen particles predicted by high - energy physicists.

One might think these two instruments have nothing in common, but they do: both technologies are based on precise measurement the spin of the atom, the gyroscope - like motion of the electrons and the nucleus.

The door for observing the ultrafast motion of electrons deep inside atoms has been opened.

The Weyl semimetal state is induced when the opposing motions of the electrons cause the Dirac cones to split in two (illustrated on the left by outward facing electrons, opposite the inward facing electrons on the right).

As high - speed shutter cameras capture motions of fast - moving objects, researchers generally use laser (pulse) like instantaneous strobe light in order to observe the ultrafast motion of an electron underlying a physical phenomenon.

Then, the duality that the U (1) phase factor can be added to the wave function as the translational motion of electrons allows the «time - dependent gauge potential» to emerge.

The opposing motions of the electrons cause the Dirac cone to rip apart or split in two, so that two new cones are formed.

The orbit of an electron around a nucleus conceived as a route of occasions would not significantly differ from that orbit conceived as the route of the continuous motion of the electron.2 Hence, Whitehead gave up his work on reformulating the equations of relativity theory, as well as any quest for ways in which his initial work would yield some confirmably different prediction from those of the equations of orthodox relativity theory.

Fairly weak forces within and between these layers arise from cooperative motions of the electrons in the outer electronic shells of the diiodine molecules.

Thermoelectrics work when they connect something hot with something cold: «The thermal motion of the electrons in the material depends on the temperature,» explains Bühler - Paschen.

The circular motion of electrons and ions around a magnetic field line is called cyclotron motion.

It is a duality of the U (1) phase factor added on the wave function; it describes the translational motion of electrons, and also gives a time - dependent gauge potential that induces an effective electric field on the electrons.

That is the unimaginably short time scale on which processes such as the motion of an electron in an atom can be studied.

When the second wire — the receiver — picks up that signal, the field is converted back into the motion of electrons, detectable as an electric current.

But physicists are now fashioning a new parallel system called spintronics — of which skyrmions are a part — based on the motion of electron spin, that property that makes atoms magnetic (SN Online: 9/26/17).

For example, suppose you accept that God steps in every so often to fix the outcome of a quantum event in the brain — manipulating the motion of electrons to cause a neuron to fire, perhaps, influencing your decision on whether to become a priest or a scientist.

This is a new door to understanding the motion of electrons in semiconductors materials.»

Physicists from Ludwig - Maximilians - Universitaet (LMU) in Munich have developed an attosecond electron microscope that allows them to visualize the dispersion of light in time and space, and observe the motions of electrons in atoms.

The ultimate speed limit in electronic circuitry is set by the motion of the electrons themselves.

This dual state would make it possible to control the motion of the electrons exposed to the electric field of both the nucleus and the laser, and would let the physicists to create atoms with «new,» tunable by light, electronic structure.

In ordinary magnets, both individual electron spins and the motion of electrons in their atomic orbitals generate magnetic fields.

At room temperature the motions of electron spins can be largely affected by heat.

The results give researchers a potential new, solid - state tool for «attosecond science,» which explores processes like the motions of electrons in atoms and the natural vibrations of molecules.

The motion of these electrons around the nuclei, before being eventually emitted, is kind of a dance leading to an intuitive picture that the electrons that remain longer dancing around the atom lose the race and are emitted last.

This influences the motion of the electron, resulting in an electric current that the researchers can measure.

In our current electronic equipment, information is transported via the motion of electrons.

In particular, electron pulse technology still has a long way to go to achieve the temporal resolution required to capture the motions of electrons inside a material.

«Moreover, this potential map also depends on the location of the moving electrons, while the motion of the electrons depends in turn on the potential.»

Whereas metals conduct electricity via the motion of electrons, in superionic ice, the flowing hydrogen ions transmit electricity.

This is the idea that microscopic phenomena, such as the motion of an electron through an electromagnetic field, would look the same regardless of whether time were flowing forward or backward.

Rather than individually tracking the motions of each electron within a material, scientists think of the disturbance as its own particle, simplifying the math that explains how the material behaves.

The ability to film the motion of electrons deep in the interior of atoms promises to reveal much about a mysterious realm that has remained hidden from our gaze.

These pulses can be used to follow the motion of electrons within the inner shells of atoms in real time by freezing this motion at attosecond shutter speeds.

In 1930 Paul Dirac formulated a quantum theory for the motion of electrons in electric and magnetic fields, the first theory that correctly included Einstein's theory of special relativity in this context.

As it turns out, the motion of the electrons in the metal is remarkably similar to ballistic motion in free space.

«Race of the electrons: Laser pulses can be used to track the motion of electrons in metals with attosecond precision.»

Their measurements, using laser pulses lasting just a trillionth of a second, reveal a signature in the optical conductivity of the spin - liquid state that reflects the influence of magnetism on the motion of electrons.

Due to the significant proportion of nickel, the heat of the high - temperature earth core can not flow towards the planet's surface by means of the motion of the electrons alone.

As a result, chemistry is mostly the study of the motions of electrons within and between the molecules involved in a reaction.

A group of Michigan State University researchers specializing in quantum calculations has proposed a radically new computational approach to solving the complex many - particle Schrödinger equation, which holds the key to explaining the motion of electrons in atoms and molecules.

DNA serves as a barrier that affects the motion of the electrons.»