The overturning circulation pushes water through the Atlantic Basin, distributing heat as
it moves warmer surface water from the tropics toward Greenland and the high northern latitudes and carries colder, deeper water from the North Atlantic southward.
In normal, non-El Niño conditions, Pacific trade winds near the equator blow from east to west,
moving warm surface water with them.
Not exact matches
The Atlantic Ocean
surface circulation is an important part of the Earth's global climate,
moving warm water from the tropics towards the poles.
The simulations suggest that over decades, these
warming events dramatically perturb the ocean
surface, affecting the flow of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, a system of currents that acts like a conveyor belt
moving water around the planet.
So, for example, a big part of what drives a hurricane is the fact that you've got a lot of
warm water near the
surface of the ocean that is transferring heat into the air, and that's what's
moving up, and that is a big part of then what's propelling the entire bigger storm system.
One result is a flow of cold deep
water toward the equator and
warm surface water toward the poles, and this «overturning circulation» plays a crucial role in
moving heat around the globe.
It carries
warm water along the Atlantic Ocean
surface,
moving from south to north.
At the same time, the
warm surface waters collect more heat from the atmosphere as they
move further westward, and form a
warm pool near New Guinea, Australia and the Philippines.
When the cold, upwelling
water mingles with the
surface, the
warmer temperature will tend to
move the equilibrium to the CaCO3 side of the solubility equation.
Schemes whereby currents could somehow
move the heat from the
surface to below 700m without
warming the first 700m on average have been proposed, and maybe some are plausible — but
warmer water rises.
It can not account for the huge volume of leftover
warm water that's below the
surface and returned to the West Pacific and into the eastern tropical Indian Ocean via off - equatorial slow -
moving Rossby waves.
Francisco (09:12:57): Go ahead and explain how additional heat in the atmosphere
moves from the atmosphere to the ocean
surface, and from there to the deep oceans, ** without first producing any
warming in the atmosphere or on the ocean
surface water ** Just because you don't know how it can happen, does not mean that it is not happening, just that you don't understand how.
The temperature of the
water below the
surface remained above - average, as the large area of
warmer - than - average subsurface
waters continued to
move slowly to the east (a downwelling Kelvin wave).
But as they grow, their strong winds often pick up seawater, churning the oceans and
moving the
warmest waters deep below the
surface.
So, it is not surprising that those modellers who «need» to get
warm surface waters to
move into the depths of the oceans, and remain sequestered there for long periods of time, would turn to the physical mechanism of this vertical circulation system.
You wrote, «In addition to
moving warm Pacific
water poleward, the removal of the
warm Pacific tropical
surface waters exposes the atmosphere to huge amounts of cooler sub-
surface Pacific
water.
In addition to
moving warm Pacific
water poleward, the removal of the
warm Pacific tropical
surface waters exposes the atmosphere to huge amounts of cooler sub-
surface Pacific
water.
The La Nina pump stroke
moves warm Pacific
surface water poleward to lose its heat through conduction, radiation, and evaporation.
In addition, some of the
warm surface water in the Western Pacific
moves back out east.
Figure 15 - A has shown the global pacing by the El Niños (and their tele - connections) of the temperature changes of the lower troposphere as function of both time and latitude; this pacing may be due to the coming to the
surface, at high latitudes, of
warm water from the Pacific
warm pool, as they
move to higher latitudes on the western rim of the oceans after an El Niño.
From there, that mass of
warm Pacific
surface water splits and
moves north and south along the coasts of Asia and Australia towards the Poles.
An El Nino is a change in the movement of
water that has been
warmed with contact with the
surface, so that
warm water that has been building up at depth over time changes its movement pattern and
moves closer to the
surface (and to a different horizontal location) where heat is released.
Much of the
warm water remains on the
surface after the El Nino and the is
moved into different parts of the oceans.
For example, if
water is being
warmed on the
surface, and then that
warmer water is
moved down to the deep ocean due to trade winds during La Nina, changing equations to volume and total energy is unnecessary.»
More
warm and salty subtropical
surface water then can
move northward into the eastern part of the North Atlantic basin.
Consider that just
moving some of the already
warmer surface water to depth (while some upwelling of colder
water occurs elsewhere as a compensation) results in an increasing heat content at depths while * simultaneously * producing a decrease in heat content at the
surface.