I have looked at the physics that claims that this can be done, and I am as certain as I can be that there is no proper physics that allows us to even estimate, let alone measure, how
much global temperature changes as a result of a change in radiative forcing.
Not exact matches
We have
much better — and more conclusive — evidence for climate
change from more boring sources like
global temperature averages, or the extent of
global sea ice, or thousands of years» worth of C02 levels stored frozen in ice cores.
Results of a new study by researchers at the Northeast Climate Science Center (NECSC) at the University of Massachusetts Amherst suggest that
temperatures across the northeastern United States will increase
much faster than the
global average, so that the 2 - degrees Celsius warming target adopted in the recent Paris Agreement on climate
change will be reached about 20 years earlier for this part of the U.S. compared to the world as a whole.
Researchers in California say climate
change could spur an increase in
global violence by as
much as 50 percent over the next forty years if current
temperature trends continue.
But the U.K. Met Office (national weather service), the U.S.'s National Center for Atmospheric Research and other partners around the globe aim to
change that in the future by developing regular assessments —
much like present evaluations of
global average
temperatures along with building from the U.K. flooding risk modeling efforts — to determine how
much a given season's extreme weather could be attributed to human influence.
The details of how
much a unit of carbon dioxide raises
global temperature is hotly debated in climate
change literature.
For as
much as atmospheric
temperatures are rising, the amount of energy being absorbed by the planet is even more striking when one looks into the deep oceans and the
change in the
global heat content (Figure 4).
These rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have led to an increase in
global average
temperatures of ~ 0.2 °C decade — 1,
much of which has been absorbed by the oceans, whilst the oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 has led to major
changes in surface ocean pH (Levitus et al., 2000, 2005; Feely et al., 2008; Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno, 2010; Mora et al., 2013; Roemmich et al., 2015).
The
global mean
temperature rise of less than 1 degree C in the past century does not seem like
much, but it is associated with a winter
temperature rise of 3 to 4 degrees C over most of the Arctic in the past 20 years, unprecedented loss of ice from all the tropical glaciers, a decrease of 15 to 20 % in late summer sea ice extent, rising sealevel, and a host of other measured signs of anomalous and rapid climate
change.
But alas, as
much as it would help the climate
change cause to link yet another heat wave to
global temperature rise, a new study says that Russia experienced a fluke unrelated to the trend last year that made 2010 the hottest on record.
More recent studies, with
much more precise correlation between ice cores and
global temperature records, have shown that
temperature and CO2
changed synchronously in Antarctica during the end of the last ice age, and globally CO2 rose slightly before
global temperatures.
It informs us about the
global temperature change «in the pipeline» without further
change of climate forcings and it defines how
much greenhouse gases must be reduced to restore Earth's energy balance, which, at least to a good approximation, must be the requirement for stabilizing
global climate.
While
much of the attention at Paris is focused on reducing emissions in a bid to keep
global temperature rise to less than two degrees Celsius by the end of the century, many climate impacts will continue to increase — including rising sea level and more extreme weather events — even if greenhouse emissions cease, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change.
Since we know that the earth's surface is significantly warmed by geothermal heat, that geothermal heat is variable, that truly titanic forces are at work in the earth's core
changing its structure and alignment, and that geothermal heat flux has a
much greater influence on surface
temperatures than variations in carbon dioxide can possibly have, it makes sense to include its effects in a compendium of
global warming discussion parameters.
But because of the necessary caveats that must be applied due to the state of the science I am starting to feel unable to say
much about climate
change apart from: «The increase in CO2 will very probably cause an overall increase in
Global Average
Temperature.
By contrast, true Ice Ages drastically reshaped the planet, with
much greater
changes in
global temperature, sea level, and ice extent.
Why is this approach not
much used for estimating
global mean surface
temperature change?
First of all, the observed
changes in
global mean
temperatures are more easily calculated in terms of anomalies (since anomalies have
much greater spatial correlation than absolute
temperatures).
But since that did not happen AGW «science» may have
changed it's position
much like the term «
global warming» was
changed to «climeate
change» when the
global temperatures stopped rising a few years ago.
Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional
changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the
global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents
much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).
Also, the term «
global pattern of warming» implies regional
temperature change, which pushes the climate system response discussion to a
much higher level of complexity than when simply talking about
changes in
global - mean climate.
If one takes the MBH98 / 99 reconstruction as base, the variation in the pre-industrial period was ~ 0.2 K, of which less than 0.1 K (in average) from volcanic eruptions, the rest mostly from solar (I doubt that land use
changes had
much influence on
global temperatures).
While a student at the University of Minnesota was creating a cello composition around the last 130 years of
global temperature change, a couple of researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory were producing a similar composition, for digital violin and with a
much longer score — charting more than 600 years of climate variations and recent warming:
Climate alarm depends on several gloomy assumptions — about how fast emissions will increase, how fast atmospheric concentrations will rise, how
much global temperatures will rise, how warming will affect ice sheet dynamics and sea - level rise, how warming will affect weather patterns, how the latter will affect agriculture and other economic activities, and how all climate
change impacts will affect public health and welfare.
But the
global temperature mainly depends on how
much energy the planet receives from the Sun and how
much it radiates back into space — quantities that
change very little.
Please note also that the
change in
global average
temperature from one year to the next is as high as half a degree worldwide, and is
much more in any given location, often several degrees and occasionally
much more.
If you accept that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and that human fossil fuel use is now the dominant contributor to atmospheric CO2
changes, then knowing how
much global temperatures respond to increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is important for understanding the future climate.
While the state of the climate clearly involves
much more than just
global temperature,
changes in
global temperatures do indicate the scale of different climatic events, both natural and man - made.
Dana, I think you are pushing in the right direction with this; heat content is a
much more direct measure of the underlying
changes to the climate system than average air
temperatures and climate science communicators should make heat content their first response to the suggestion that
global warming is something that waxes and (allegedly, recently) wanes.
The SkyShares model enables users to relate a target limit for
temperature change to a
global emissions ceiling; to allocate this emissions budget across countries using different policy rules; and then uses estimated marginal abatement costs to calculate the costs faced by each country of decarbonising to meet its emissions budget, with the costs for each country depending in part on whether and how
much carbon trading is allowed.
This in turn may mean that something other than
global temperature - for example, rainfall - has
changed much more in X than in Y.
But that's on top of the fact that you can't even find harm for the level of warming we currently have or
much link between
global average
temperature and climate
change,
much less adverse climate
change.
Given that there is still
much we do not know about climate
change — including why mean
global temperature has been flat for the past ten years — undermining confidence in climate science can (further) undermine its ability to inform policy.
So, they didn't actually simulate sea level
changes, but instead estimated how
much sea level rise they would expect from man - made
global warming, and then used computer model predictions of
temperature changes, to predict that sea levels will have risen by 0.8 - 2 metres by 2100.
Yes it is so
much more difficult to respond to a
change in CO2, which will give rise to a 2 degree doubling of «average»
global temperature, from 1750 to 2050, compared with an ELE that happens in hours.
There is some correlation between
changes in
temperature due to
global warming in different parts of the ocean, so there might be some reduction below 0.1 C, but how
much and how has it been measured?
However, a clear understanding of how national emissions reductions commitments affect
global climate
change impacts requires an understanding of complex relationships between atmospheric ghg concentrations, likely
global temperature changes in response to ghg atmospheric concentrations, rates of ghg emissions reductions over time and all of this requires making assumptions about how
much CO2 from emissions will remain in the atmosphere, how sensitive the
global climate
change is to atmospheric ghg concentrations, and when the international community begins to get on a serious emissions reduction pathway guided by equity considerations.
Policy - makers did not
much care about the average
global temperature — they wanted to know how things would
change in their own locality.
Even the IEA's major climate
change study from June, which was in - part based on their World Energy Outlook from last November, also predicted a
much greater
global temperature rise of between 3.6 and 5.3 degrees Celsius before the end of the century if we can't move quickly enough away from fossil fuels, along with a sea - level rise of between 4 and 6 meters.
For as
much as atmospheric
temperatures are rising, the amount of energy being absorbed by the planet is even more striking when one looks into the deep oceans and the
change in the
global heat content (Figure 4).
- Space.com: New Storm on Jupiter Hints at Climate
Change The latest images could provide evidence that Jupiter is in the midst of a global change that can modify temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit on different parts of the
Change The latest images could provide evidence that Jupiter is in the midst of a
global change that can modify temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit on different parts of the
change that can modify
temperatures by as
much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit on different parts of the globe.
As an observer of climate
change, I never put
much stock in short - term forecasts of average
global temperature.
I can only speculate but I wouldn't imagine
global warming wouldhave had
much of an impact on
global shark populations to date.Water takes a lot of energy to heat up and
changes to globaloceanic
temperatures are less noticable than atmospherictemperatures.
NASA Climate Consensus page ««
Global warming started over 100 years ago `: New
temperature comparisons using ocean - going robots suggest climate
change began
much earlier than previously thought».
But none of it
changes the simple truth... the
global temperature today is
much the same as it was fifteen years ago.
In climate -
change discussions, two Princeton professors go against the grain By Mark F. Bernstein The issue of climate
change, or
global warming, has become a rallying cry: The Earthâ $ ™ s surface
temperatures are Ârising due to increased levels of carbon dioxide and other Âgreenhouse gases in the atmosphere,
much of it produced by human activity.
And finally no one talking or desiring
much change such things as level of
global CO2 or
changes in
global temperature.
Should a developed nation such as the United States which has
much higher historical and per capita emissions than other nations be able to justify its refusal to reduce its ghg emissions to its fair share of safe
global emissions on the basis of scientific uncertainty, given that if the mainstream science is correct, the world is rapidly running out of time to prevent warming above 2 degrees C, a
temperature limit which if exceeded may cause rapid, non-linear climate
change.
The natural variation that has led us out of the Little Ice Age has a bit of frosting on the cake by land use; and, part of that land use has resulted in a
change in vegetation and soil CO2 loss so that we see a rise in CO2 and the CO2 continues to rise without a
temperature accompaniment (piano player went to take a leak), as the land use has all but gobbled up most of the arable land North of 30N and we are starting to see low till farming and some soil conservation just beginning when the soil will again take up the CO2, and the GMO's will increase yields, then CO2 will start coming down on its own and we can go to bed listening to Ave Maria to address another
global crisis to get the populous all scared begging governments to tell us
much ado about... nothing.
I don't believe climate scientists know any where near as
much as they think they do about «
global average
temperature,» let alone the tenths of a degree
change per year they claim to detect.