R&D Systems entered the field of biotechnology early, becoming the first company to commercially market
the multifunctional cytokine TGF - beta 1.
IL - 6 is
a multifunctional cytokine with pleiotropic functions that include inducing osteoclast activation, enhancing bone resorption, and increasing metastasis (33 — 35).
Relative to samples associated with colonization, those from pneumonia had significantly lower microbial diversity, decreased levels of several bacterial genera and prominent
multifunctional cytokine responses.