No primary endpoint was specified, and the results were not corrected for
multiple hypothesis tests.
Whereas enthusiasm for fasting is increasing, clinical relevance remains low because of insufficient human data, including almost nonexistent controlled trials (21, 33 — 36), few clinical outcomes studies (37, 38), lack of correction for inflated type I error rates from
multiple hypothesis tests, and limited safety data (39 — 41).
We note that this does not correct for
multiple hypothesis testing, however, our cutoff (P < 0.0001) is higher than previous studies that have used this method (Green et al. 2010; Freedman et al. 2014; Li et al. 2016).
Four independent (A versus B) group-wise comparisons were performed to identify differentially expressed genes: (i) iPSC versus hESC (1,952 Refseq - annotated genes were significantly enriched in iPSCs versus hESCs; 1,072 genes were enriched in hESCs versus iPSCs at P < 0.01 after correcting for
multiple hypotheses testing); (ii) iPSC versus NSC (3,347 genes were significantly enriched in iPSCs versus NSCs; 2,959 genes were enriched in NSCs versus iPSCs); (iii) hESC versus NSC (2,376 genes were significantly enriched in hESCs versus NSCs; 2,541 genes were enriched in NSCs versus hESCs); (iv) iPSC and hESC versus NSC (3,730 genes were significantly enriched in iPSCs and hESCs, versus NSCs and 3,638 genes were enriched in NSCs versus iPSCs and hESCs (Tables S1 to S8 contain the full list of comparisons).
We adjust inference to account for
the multiple hypotheses tested and for nonrandom attrition.
Not exact matches
The principle difference that most people don't understand though is that «scientific theory» means that it's a
hypothesis that's been repeatedly
tested and supported with
multiple pieces of evidence through many different trials and approaches.
The new study is the first demonstration of an approach combining ancestral sequence reconstruction with the making of transgenic organisms to directly
test hypotheses at
multiple biological levels, Siddiq said.
However, the biologists in Bergen are about to
test another
hypothesis, namely that nests with chicks from
multiple fathers are less vulnerable to attack by predators.
Although the «
multiple - hit»
hypothesis has been prominent in the literature for some time, it is difficult to
test the idea with human epidemiology studies, he says.
To try to examine the first issue, we can consider the
multiple studies comparing low - carbohydrate with high - carbohydrate diets to
test the
hypothesis that «carbohydrate loading» can enhance physical performance.
This study evaluated a new set of cardiac patients for the primary outcome of diabetes, which was not significantly associated with fasting (after
multiple - comparisons correction) in the first study (37) and, thus, required additional evaluation as the primary
hypothesis test (38).
Instead, they require the insights of faculty trained in
multiple disciplines, working together and closely with those in the field, who can help shape the questions and
test the
hypotheses generated by scholars.
The digital ECMs in this study were refined through
multiple field
tests with in - service teachers (Callahan et al., 2013a, 2014) and continued data - driven
hypotheses for their optimal design and use (Callahan et al., 2013b).
I explicitly adopted the «
multiple working
hypotheses» strategy in my paper Mixing Politics and Science in
Testing the
Hypothesis That Greenhouse Warming Is Causing a Global Increase in Hurricane Intensity.
Beven reckons that «we should treat models as uncertain
multiple working
hypotheses to be
tested».
Basic statistical knowledge such as
hypothesis testing, sampling techniques, simple and
multiple regression techniques
Because we performed
multiple tests to examine the relationships between 28 birth defects groups and various heat exposure indicators in this
hypothesis - generating study, statistically significant findings may have been attributable to chance.
In
testing a statistical
hypothesis you are estimating whether or not the sample belongs to a population or whether
multiple samples were drawn from the same population.
On the existence of
multiple climate regimes — ► rdg.ac.uk [PDF] DB Stephenson, A Hannachi, AO Neill — QUARTERLY JOURNAL - ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2004 — ... To
test hypotheses about the existence of regimes, it is... 3.
The possibilities for a deliberate realignment of research effort in the
testing of
multiple hypotheses concerning the causes and consequences of climate change must be considered.
Legal skills will be required to develop and
test multiple hypotheses and reveal blockchain's most practical applications.
To
test the
hypothesis, Muise conducted an online survey with 308 respondents, age 17 to 24, and used hierarchical
multiple regression analysis, controlling for individual, personality and relationship factors (to tease out what's Facebook's contribution to jealousy).
Namely, the use of
multiple informants (i.e., mother, father, teacher) to rate child CU traits and behavior, unique methods (i.e., self - reports and direct observations) to assess two distinct dimensions of parents» emotion socialization style, and the use of independent and heterogeneous samples (i.e., community and clinic children) to
test our
hypotheses.
To
test our main
hypotheses, the resulting parental emotion socialization variables were entered alongside potential confounds in
multiple regression analyses, with multi-informant CU traits scores as the dependent variable.