The parent generation had
a mutant version of a gene dubbed hothead, which causes the plants to have fused flowers.
Even when each parent carried two
mutant versions of the gene, 10 percent of the next generation had normal flowers.
The effects of
the mutant version of the gene (allele) override the effects of the healthy version of the gene.
Not exact matches
But when Cherr and his colleagues finally got around recently to checking out the protein in humans, they got a big surprise: About a quarter
of men don't make it properly because they have a
mutant version of the relevant
gene.
It could be a more complicated
version of the familiar case
of sickle cell anemia: having two
mutant copies
of a certain
gene causes the disease, whereas having only one
mutant copy provides protection against malaria.
The researchers also observed that AT2101 was effective in treating Parkinson's in mice even though they did not carry a
mutant version of the Gaucher
gene, suggesting that the compound may have a clinical effect in the broader Parkinson's population.
One study, known as DIAN TU, will administer experimental drugs to more than 160 people in the U.S., the U.K., and Australia who have one
of three
mutant genes that cause an early - onset
version of the disease.
Strosberg and his colleagues found that cells with the
mutant gene can make a
version of leptin but can not properly secrete it into the bloodstream.
In one experiment, Dangl's team found that Arabidopsis plants with
mutant versions of the PHR1
gene not only had impaired phosphate stress responses, but also developed different communities
of microbes in and around their roots when grown in a local native North Carolina soil.
But swapping the fly
version of the
gene into these
mutant mice corrects most
of those abnormalities.
To further explore nuclear transport's role in Huntington's disease, Grima took lab - grown mouse neurons and used chemical switches to a) turn on both an additional healthy copy
of the RanGAP1
gene and a
mutant version of Huntingtin; b) just turn on the
mutant Huntingtin; or c) just turn on a healthy
version of Huntingtin.
Without a working
version of the
gene encoding SWEET4c, such as in the
mutant lines provided by the UniformMu resource (Don McCarty and Karen Koch at the University
of Florida), sugars were not delivered to the seeds and the backpack was empty (in science jargon: empty pericarp).
Cook and his colleagues were even able to restore some normal walking ability to stum -
mutant flies by adding the mouse
version of the stum
gene.
To repair the problem, the research team «broke» the mutated
version of the MYPBC3
gene inside human embryos, using technology that allows scientists to snip a specific target sequence on a
mutant gene.