Sentences with phrase «myelin sheaths»

Neuroblast - like immature cells may also be seen, and occasionally, newly formed myelin sheaths.

Merck states: «The myelin sheaths of many nerve fibers promote transmission of the neural impulse along the axon.

In DM, the myelin sheaths that surround and protect the nerves in the spine degenerate to eventually expose the nerve fibers.

Loss of alveolar surfactants — respiratory failure Fats destroyed throughout body «Webber - Christian Syndrome» DIC Pancreatic encephalopathy when myelin sheaths dissolve acute cases can reverse completely

According to Andys Veterinary Clinic, the disorder develops when the myelin sheaths that protect a dog's spinal neurons begin to fall apart, uncovering the underlying nerve fibers in a process known as myelathropy.

Together with Vitamin B12 Thiamine is also required for proper development and protection of the myelin sheaths, which wrap around nerves preventing their damage and death.

Your brain contains an abundance of cholesterol, much of it in the myelin sheaths that insulate the neurons and speed up nerve conduction.

In MS, these myelin sheaths become damaged forming plaques (demyelination) that disrupt the communication between nerve cells.

Multiple sclerosis is inflammation of the myelin sheaths around your nerves.

First, by helping produce the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect brain cells and nerves.

Fatty acids make up a significant portion of cell membranes, brain tissue, and myelin sheaths, which protect neurons that communicate with one another.

Normally, vitamin B12 helps to build and maintain these myelin sheaths, keeping conversations between cells going and the nervous system running strong.

In a proof - of - principle study published in the journal Cell Stem Cell, the researchers report that defects in the regeneration of the myelin sheaths surrounding nerves, which are lost in diseases such as multiple sclerosis may be at least partially corrected following exposure of an old animal to the circulatory system of a young animal.

Myelin sheaths wrap axons, the long, thin neuronal projections used to communicate with other neurons.

Myelin sheaths wrap axons, the long, thin neuronal projections used to communicate with... >> MORE

The microglia then «summon» peripheral immune cells from other parts of the body, and these cells proceed to attack the protective myelin sheaths that surround the axons — or nerve fibers — in the brain.

Lead author, Dr Sean Deoni, Institute of Psychiatry at King's, said: «We already know that insulating myelin sheaths form the cornerstone of our neurodevelopment.

Most of these trials involve stem cell — derived neural progenitor cells, which can turn into several different types of brain or spinal cord cells, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which create the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect nerve cells.

MS is a debilitating neurological disease caused by the destruction of oligodendrocytes, cells that build the myelin sheaths that surround the signal transmitting axons of neurons.

In the 6 September issue of The Lancet, the researchers suggest these genetic problems mean that oligodendrocytes, the cells that build the myelin sheaths, are dysfunctional in both diseases.

Previous research in rodent disease models has shown that transplanted oligodendrocyte precursor cells derived from embryonic stem cells and from human fetal brain tissue can successfully create myelin sheaths around nerve cells, sometimes leading to dramatic improvements in symptoms.

Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have succeeded in transforming skin cells directly into oligodendrocyte precursor cells, the cells that wrap nerve cells in the insulating myelin sheaths that help nerve signals propagate.

Yes, getting older slows us down: parts of the brain associated with memory and executive function shrink, myelin sheaths around our neurons start to erode, slowing down signalling, and arteries narrow diminishing blood supply.

Several forms of leukodystrophies, genetic degenerative disorders that affect the myelin, are associated with vacuolization of myelin sheaths that enwrap axons of central neurons.

Most of these trials involve stem cell - derived neural progenitor cells, which can turn into several different types of brain or spinal cord cells, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which create the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect nerve cells.

In some neurodegenerative diseases, the myelin sheaths of axons in the peripheral nervous system degrade, meaning they can no longer relay signals and commands efficiently.

These myelin sheaths have constrictions (or nodes) at regular intervals, and nerve impulses jump from one node to the next in order to propagate quickly.

Dr. Lyons and his team used zebrafish to study the formation of myelin sheaths by oligodendrocytes because this laboratory animal is transparent at early stages of its development, which allows investigators to directly observe cells within the organism.

This is largely composed of the fatty myelin sheaths around neurons and so reveals the brain's connections.

Oligodendrocytes, the cells that are known to produce the myelin sheaths which enable saltatory conduction of action potentials along the myelinated axons, are modulators of signal transmission along neuronal connections (axons) and also promote neuronal survival by providing metabolic support.

The faulty nerve signaling that underlies the disease is thought to stem from the body's own immune system attacking and degrading the axons» myelin sheaths.

When the researchers injected myelin - deficient regions in the mice with a drug that prevents destruction of the AXIN2 protein, the mice grew myelin sheaths faster than untreated mice, repairing the damage.

When the same experiment was carried out on adult mice, a decrease in the thickness of the myelin sheaths was also seen, although the diameter of the axons was not affected.

An Ludwig - Maximilians - Universitaet (LMU) in Munich study reveals that sound - evoked activity of neurons in the auditory system of the mouse increases the thickness of their myelin sheaths — and enhances the speed of signal transmission — both during development and in the adult brain.

The speed of transmission depends on several factors, including the diameter of the axon and the thickness of the electrically insulating myelin sheaths that surround the axons.

Using the mouse as an experimental model, LMU neurobiologist PD Dr. Conny Kopp - Scheinpflug and her research group have now demonstrated that the activity of nerve cells in the auditory system has a direct effect on myelinization — higher levels of activity correlate with the formation of thicker myelin sheaths.

Moreover, both the diameter of the axons and the thickness of their myelin sheaths progressively increased until they reached the values observed in the auditory system of the adult animal.

In animal studies, too much fibrin in the central nervous system has been associated with breakdown of the myelin sheath that surrounds the nerves and allows them to conduct electrical signals properly.

Prior to that, the fat is for developing the myelin sheath around nerves in the BRAIN.

* Myelination is a term in anatomy that is defined as the process of forming a myelin sheath around a nerve to allow nerve impulses to move more quickly.

Based on these results, the researchers conclude that neuronal activity itself plays an important role in the synthesis and maintenance of the myelin sheath, and that myelinated nerve cells therefore require a minimal level of sound - evoked stimulation.

In the AIDP variant of Guillain - Barré syndrome, the focus of the autoimmune attack is the myelin sheath, a layer of insulation that surrounds nerve axons, similar to the insulation around the wires of an electric cable.

However, when pathogenic T cells recognize autoantigens, i.e. elements of the body's own substances such as the myelin sheath, these T cells trigger an autoimmune disease.

The myelin sheath's role is to rapidly move electrical impulses along nerves, and if it is damaged — or demyelinated — then nerve function is compromised.

In this case, modified T cells destroy the myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells.

The other is that the virus itself directly attacks neural cells and destabilizes the myelin sheath around them or damages axons to cause GBS.

A classic example is multiple sclerosis, where T lymphocytes, together with other inflammatory mediators, damage the protective myelin sheath that encases nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord.

If the myelin sheath is lost, the cells can no longer conduct signals.

The male brain, by contrast, is filled with more white matter, which consists of longer neuron fibers coated with a fatty myelin sheath that communicate with more distant regions of the brain.

Sensory receptors in the skin, which lack the speed - boosting insulating layer called a myelin sheath, are among the slowest, at 1 mph.