Sulforaphane is formed when fresh broccoli is chopped or chewed, bringing its precursor glucoraphanin and the enzyme
myrosinase into contact with each other.
Not exact matches
In broccoli sprouts, its precursor, glucoraphanin, exists and is converted
into sulforaphane by
myrosinase contained in broccoli itself and produced by microbes in the gut.
More accurately, Brassica vegetables contain
myrosinase, which helps break down glucosinolates like glucoraphanin
into usable forms of isothiocyanates including sulforaphane.
Sulforaphane is created when the enzyme
myrosinase transforms the glucosinolate glucoraphanin
into sulforaphane.
Note: In the absence of the enzyme
myrosinase, glucosinolates can not be hydrolyzed
into isothiocyanates.
When raw cruciferous vegetables are chopped or chewed, an enzyme called
myrosinase comes
into contact with glucoraphanin and produces sulforaphane.
With the help of the enzyme
myrosinase, each unique glucosinolate can be converted
into a unique isothiocyanate.
When cruciferous vegetables are consumed in cooked form, and especially if they have not been allowed to sit chopped for several minutes prior to cooking, there is unlikely to be much enzyme activity (including
myrosinase activity), and the digestive products of the cruciferous vegetables are more likely to pass through the upper digestive tract unabsorbed and continue down
into the lower digestive tract (colon).
The seeds also contain
myrosinase enzymes that can break apart the glucosinolates
into other phytonutrients called isothiocyanates.
Freshly harvested cruciferous vegetables not consumed in raw form, but chopped and allowed to sit for several minutes prior to cooking will typically have some of their glucosinolates converted
into isothiocyanates by still active
myrosinase enzymes, and these isothiocyanates will also be available for absorption in the upper digestive tract.
Freshly harvested cruciferous vegetables eaten in raw form will typically have a significant percentage of their glucosinolates converted
into isothiocyanates by still active
myrosinase enzymes and these isothiocyanates will become available in the upper digestive tract (small intestine) for absorption
into the bloodstream.
When
myrosinase enzymes convert glucosinolates found in cruciferous vegetables
into thiocyanates (including isothiocyanates), some of the thiocyanates formed have the ability to bind together with free iodine found in the body.