In September 2014, the same international team of researchers, guided by Giovanni Bianucci from Pisa University (Italy), found a partial skeleton of
a mysticete whale in a rock boulder.
«The skull of this species indicates that it split off very early in
mysticete whale evolution, and our analyses confirm that evolutionary position,» Geisler says.
SWFSC scientists are also using fisheries acoustic technologies to measure the distribution and density of prey being exploited by foraging
mysticete whales involved in behavioral studies.
Not exact matches
However, the newly described
whale has teeth, so the paleontologists dubbed it Mystacodon, meaning «toothed
mysticete.»
The specimen, which researchers unearthed in the Pisco Basin in southern Peru, is the oldest known member of the
mysticete group, which includes the blue
whale, the humpback
whale, and the right
whale.
Based on the age of nearby rocks, the scientists estimate that the Arktocara fossil comes from the late Oligocene epoch, around the time ancient
whales diversified into two groups — baleen
whales (
mysticetes) and toothed
whales (odontocetes).
Thus, when the filter - feeding
mysticetes (which includes the blue
whale) began scooping krill from the water, they essentially excluded other lineages from this niche.
Earliest
mysticete from the late Eocene of Peru sheds new light on the origin of baleen
whales.
The fossil is the oldest known
mysticete, a group that includes baleen
whales, such as humpbacks, researchers report in the May 22 Current Biology.
But at some point during
whale history, the ancestors of modern
mysticetes replaced teeth with baleen, fibrous plates that filter out small bits of food from seawater like a giant sieve.
Lambert and his colleagues will be looking for more ancient
whales to further flesh out the story of early
mysticetes.
One example is the Western Atlantic Passive Acoustics analysis of
mysticetes, or baleen
whales, (WAPAW).
The baleen
whales (or
mysticetes) are the other group of cetaceans.