In a follow - up poll, the researchers presented more than 250 people with a 1996 New York Times article, stripped of its date, reporting evidence of fossilized
nanobacteria in a Martian meteorite.
'' [I'm studying] the possible role
of nanobacteria in symbiotically precipitating hard parts of organisms, from clam shells to dinosaur teeth,» says Folk.
Scientists also found structures resembling
fossilized nanobacteria on the Nakhla meteorite, a chunk of Mars that landed in Egypt.
A science - junkie film director sponsored an expedition that retrieved live
nanobacteria from a hydrothermal vent.
Although nanobacteria may not cause kidney stone disease, Coe notes additional circumstantial evidence: At least four teams have reported tiny spherical deposits in the calcified plaques that often appear in the kidneys of patients who suffer from kidney stones.
Physicist Andrei Sommer of the University of Ulm in Germany and mathematician N. Chandra Wickramasinghe of Cardiff University in Wales
think nanobacteria are in the atmosphere.
If the two researchers are correct,
nanobacteria originate in human bodies, where they were first discovered in kidney stones nearly a decade ago.
Only time will tell
what nanobacteria really are and how much we need to worry about downpours of them, Sommer says: «Multidisciplinary efforts are now essential to estimate the threat they actually pose.»
Finally, some have claimed that small structures inside the meteorite appear to be
fossilized nanobacteria, though this idea has been controversial.
Once believed to be the smallest pathogens known,
nanobacteria have now proved to be something almost as strange.
So far Kajander and his colleagues have found
the nanobacteria in cattle blood, in 80 % of samples of commercial cow serum in which mammalian cells are grown in the lab, and in the blood of nearly 6 % of more than 1000 Finnish adults tested.
Jack sent a portion of the sample to the Russians, who mapped the cell wall of
a nanobacterium atom by atom.
A biophysicist suggested that the iron atoms trapped in
the nanobacterium's cell walls could be on - off switches, encoding in chains of Boolean logic information analogous to information encoded in DNA.
The supposed fossil shapes were so small they could only have been the remains of hypothetical «
nanobacteria.»
Called nanobes,
nanobacteria, or nano - organisms, these miniscule structures borrow their name from their unit of measurement, the nanometer.
«Until more advanced forms are discovered,
nanobacteria are astrobiology,» says Folk.