In this research, iron - nickel nanomagnets were fabricated in shakti arrays, a structure with 2, 3, and 4
nanomagnet islands meeting in periodic arrays (resulting in vertexes with 2, 3, and 4 coordination numbers).
The
islands were lithographically printed onto a substrate, arranged in a square - lattice pattern, with the north and south poles of each
nanomagnet meeting and interacting at their four - pronged vertices.