Sentences with phrase «nanometers by»

Previously, the size of standard DNA origami was limited to 7249 bases, about the size of 70 nanometers by 90 nanometers.

The research, published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (PNAS), indicates that rod - shaped particles (150 nanometers in diameter by 450 nanometers long) penetrated human cells about four times faster and traveled farther into the cells than particles with more balanced dimensions (such as 200 nanometers by 200 nanometers).

In 2005 researchers at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind., created a metamaterial with a negative refractive index in the near - infrared portion of the spectrum using ultrathin gold nanorods 100 nanometers by 700 nanometers to conduct clouds of electrons.

The hologram is an array of tiny silicon skyscrapers, 370 nanometers tall with footprints 190 nanometers by 100 nanometers.

Not exact matches

By filtering seawater through holes that are about 0.5 nanometers wide, the desalination process captures all dissolved material, including salt, while the fresh water passes through.

In one year, representing the «tick,» it would improve its microprocessors by printing the transistors on the chips closer together, reducing the scale of the process, say, from 32 nanometers to 22 nanometers.

Following Moore's Law, coined by one of Intel's founders, Intel Core M Processor contains 1.3 billion 14 nanometer transistors in a dual - core that increases power while reducing cost.

However, by «using a texture rather than a dot, the researchers found the hand can detect roughness just 75 nanometers high» — a nanometer being one thousandth of a micron!

I surely don't meet that standard but my encounter with Christ leads me to move closer to it, even if by nanometers as I grow in faith and grace.

LIGO researchers sensed a wave that stretched space by one part in 1021, making the entire Earth expand and contract by 1/100, 000 of a nanometer, about the width of an atomic nucleus.

They saw that the strands were shot through with lead - sulfide crystals averaging 4.8 nanometers in size — about the same as the so - called quantum dots studied by researchers today.

It includes everything from huge boulders to particles only a few nanometers in diameter, but most of it is a puree created by uncountable high - speed micrometeorites that have been crashing into the moon unimpeded by atmosphere for more than 3billion years.

But by tinkering with that alignment — spacing it out with other materials or embedding it in a lattice composite at the nanoscale (a nanometer is one billionth of a meter)-- scientists can potentially exponentially increase the strength of these magnets: The stronger the magnet, the fewer of them you need.

By measuring the effect for different material thicknesses in the range of a few nanometers up to several micrometers as well as for different temperatures, the scientists have found characteristic behavior.

Now, chemists at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, have memorialized a paragraph of Feynman's speech in a most appropriate way, by writing it in an area just one - thousandth the size of a pinhead, using multiple «inks» that line up with one another to produce features as small as 5 nanometers.

Globally about half the CCN originate from a secondary process which involves the formation of small clusters and particles in the very first step followed by growth to sizes of at least 50 nanometers.

When German researchers zoomed in to the nanometer scale on time - lapse images of dissolving crystals, they found a surprise: Dissolution happened in pulses, marked by waves that spread just like ripples on a pond.

Doxorubicin is administered by way of nanometer - sized carrier particles.

To take an up - close look at the gold nanoparticles in action, the researchers made a vacuum - tight microfluidic chamber by pressing two silicon - nitride semiconductor chips together with a 150 - nanometer spacer in between.

By formulating their product with bits of carnauba (palm - tree wax) that are only nanometers wide, automotive cosmetics maker Eagle One says it's able to make a coating that always goes on clear.

The tiny bumps, which range in diameter from 50 to 300 nanometers, help the insects camouflage: by breaking up the cornea's even surface, they cut down the glare that reflects off the eye, which could potentially alert a predator to the bug's presence.

By embedding lasers a few nanometers in diameter in silicon, developers can fabricate the circuits using techniques already in place in the chip - making industry.

The mapping was achieved without disturbing the native environment of the neuron, by tagging alpha - synuclein with an enzyme — APEX — that allowed proteins less than 10 nanometers away from synuclein to be marked with a trackable fingerprint.

By devising a dual - objective system with two microscope lenses facing each other, Xu and colleagues viewed the front and back of the sample at the same time and achieved unprecedented optical resolution (of approximately 10 nanometers) of a cell.

But when augmented by the new JILA measurement platform, it can reliably achieve tenth of a nanometer stability for up to 100 seconds at a time.

To disperse the aluminum compound and make the metal less brittle, researchers led by materials scientist Hansoo Kim of Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea added nickel, which caused the aluminum compound to permeate the metal in nanometer - sized clusters instead of long bands.

In lab tests, the CpG - antigen package, at 300 nanometers in size, was absorbed 90 percent of the time by immune cells, the UI - led team reports.

The device consists of a rectangular bar of insulating silicon dioxide 85 nanometers thick and 2000 nanometers long surrounded by conducing silver, which light generally doesn't penetrate.

By engravings using electron beam lithography, the waveguides of several micrometers in length are provided with finest cavities of a few nanometers in size.

Green light, by contrast, has a wavelength of 500 nanometers — 60,000 times smaller — so the shapes that could cloak it would have to be around 50 nanometers long.

Dekker's group skirted the issue by making their SET so tinyone nanometer wide and 20 nanometers longthat heat fluctuations proved irrelevant.

It overcomes a significant barrier in the field by enabling the manipulation and patterning of micro - or nanometer sized protein crystals using low power, biocompatible acoustic waves.»

The team began their work by fabricating the electrodes of the SET, which were separated by a nanometer scale gap, with an electroless gold - plating technique.

Running low - power laser light, akin to that from a typical laser pointer, through the rings generates a tunable response — either attractive or repulsive, depending on the wavelength — that changed the size of the gap between the rings by as much as 20 nanometers.

RRAM involves a subtle motion of atoms, changing the film of a resistor by a matter of nanometers.

In a recent example, outlined in Nature last year by a team from Yale University and the University of Washington in Seattle, laser light routed through a tiny bridge - shaped resonator induced the bridge to vibrate up and down within a range of a few nanometers.

The DNA nanobot is shaped like a gearshift, with an extendible arm that ranges from 25 to more than 400 nanometers long that's attached to a 55 - by -55-nanometer platform.

They managed to switch this plasmon propagation on and off, simply by applying an electrical voltage, demonstrating the control of light guided in channels smaller than one nanometer.

A Hewlett - Packard team crafted the device by inserting a layer of titanium dioxide as thin as three nanometers between a pair of platinum layers.

Mohideen has started by trying to measure gravity over distances of a few hundred nanometers, a thousand times the diameter of an atom.

The change in vibration energy can be pinpointed by Raman mapping with a resolution of 300 nanometers, he said, allowing characterization of the activity of a single cell.

The vibrating nanoscale drumheads developed by Feng and his team are made of atomic layers of semiconductor crystals (single -, bi -, tri -, and four - layer MoS2 flakes, with thickness of 0.7, 1.4, 2.1, and 2.8 nanometers), with diameters only about 1 micron.

Hoffman and his colleagues crafted their metamaterial semiconductor by placing alternating 80 - nanometer - thick (one nanometer equals 3.94 x 10 - 8 inch) layers of indium gallium arsenide and indium aluminum arsenide atop an indium phosphide substrate 5.1 centimeters (two inches) in diameter.

They did this by engineering a small air gap, about 15 nanometers in width, between the gold nanoparticle and a gold sheet.

Hafnium - based insulators are now used in the 45 - nanometer generation of chips made by Intel, shown here below a chip from 1993.

By using ultraviolet light and superlenses capable of subwavelength imaging, scientists say they can push the photolithography boundary down to about 20 nanometers.

After the nanometer - scale fabrication, they then measured the switching magnetization behavior mediated by the domain wall propagation.

Taking child's play with building blocks to a whole new level - the nanometer scale - scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have constructed 3D «superlattice» multicomponent nanoparticle arrays where the arrangement of particles is driven by the shape of the tiny building blocks.

By correlating the local effects of this emitted light with the position of the electron beam, spatial images of these effects can be reconstructed with nanometer - scale resolution.

The valve consists of a channel protein, the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) from Escherichia coli, modified by attachment of synthetic compounds that undergo light - induced charge separation to reversibly open and close a 3 - nanometer pore.