At
the nanoscale level, cellulose can be extremely strong, with individual fibers capable of withstanding more stress than glass fibers or steel wire.
On
a nanoscale level, the scales on a snake's belly are covered in minuscule hairs, called microfibrils, which are less than 400 nanometers wide.
Tuning the material structure at
the nanoscale level can be really hard to achieve — but what if we had small particles, which assemble all by themselves, creating the required structure?
Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a new technique that lets them pinpoint the location of chemical reactions happening inside lithium - ion batteries in three dimensions at
the nanoscale level.
While straining spaghetti is a simple example, the filtering of specific molecules on
the nanoscale level for biomedical applications and for production of clean water is a complex and costly process.
Using X-ray beams and lasers, researchers studied how a new promising class of solar cell materials, called hybrid perovskites, behaves at
the nanoscale level during operation.
For years, scientists and engineers have synthesized materials at
the nanoscale level to take advantage of their mechanical, optical, and energy properties, but efforts to scale these materials to larger sizes have resulted in diminished performance and structural integrity.
«By changing the surface properties like the shape of the substrate at
the nanoscale level, we tricked the stem cells to behave differently,» explains co-author Dr Julien Gautrot, from QMUL's School of Engineering and Materials Science and the Institute of Bioengineering.
To see if the thermophiles might be contributing to travertine formation, Fouke performed fluorescence microscopy on the stone, which revealed microbes encrusted in travertine at
the nanoscale level.
A key piece of this research was the availability on campus of the instruments used to clearly see what was happening at
the nanoscale level.
GenStorm («An integrated approach to visualize and model the spatial conformation of genes at
the nanoscale level»), led by Pablo Daniel Dans (IRB Barcelona) and Marie Victoire Neguembor (CRG) is one of this projects.
Also, the reduction of sample preparation and analysis to
the nanoscale level alone here is a relatively useful addition to the state of the art.
Using photoconductive atomic force microscopy to study the structures of the cells at
the nanoscale level, the researchers were able to map photocurrent generation and open circuit voltage in the active layer of the solar cell — two properties that affect the conversion efficiency.