The authors point out that there isn't enough information available on improvised
nasal naloxone kits to warrant this level of acceptance.
Strang also points out that we also haven't considered how reliably
nasal naloxone works in opioid users whose nasal mucosa may be damaged from drug snorting, or obstructed by vomit during overdose.
So why are makeshift
nasal naloxone kits good enough for people with opioid dependence?»
In a debate paper published online by the scientific journal Addiction, top researchers at the National Addiction Centre at King's College London criticize the extensive use of improvised
nasal naloxone kits without testing and without regulatory approval.
Clinical trials on improvised
nasal naloxone kits are underway, but no data on levels of naloxone absorbed have been published.
More data are needed to understand how reliably
nasal naloxone reverses opioid overdose in the community.
Ambulance - based studies indicate that between 9 and 26 % of opioid overdose victims fail to respond to
nasal naloxone.
In addition, ED's have the potential to equip patients with
nasal naloxone rescue kits as part of this effort.
Strang says, «It's one thing to use
nasal naloxone in a hospital or from an ambulance, where a doctor or paramedic can administer naloxone by injection if the nasal dose doesn't work.
This study tested
nasal naloxone at 1 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg doses on 38 healthy volunteers, compared with 0.4 mg IM and 0.4 mg intravenous doses.
Twenty or so persons came out, each receiving a free
nasal naloxone kit.
Wilber announced the police department, with the help of the Ulster County Sheriff's Office, was recently trained in the use of
nasal naloxone, known as Narcan, to treat victims of opiate overdoses.
Not exact matches
Naloxone can be injected and also comes in a
nasal spray called Narcan.
Officers in all but five police departments in Erie County carry
naloxone, known by the brand name Narcan, a rescue
nasal spray designed to revive users who overdose on opioid drugs.
For example, NIDA is funding research to improve access to medication - assisted therapies, develop new medications for opioid addiction, and expand access to
naloxone by exploring more user - friendly delivery systems (for example,
nasal sprays).
These results support the recent announcement on 14 September 2017 that the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has issued a positive opinion for a 1.8 mg
naloxone nasal spray formulation (equivalent to 2 mg
naloxone hydrochloride), under the brand name Nyxoid.
Naloxone is usually given by injection, but more user - friendly non-injectable alternatives are being developed, including
nasal sprays.
Given via injection or
nasal spray,
naloxone binds powerfully with opiate receptors in the brain, repelling the drugs the user has taken and sending him or her into an instant and painful withdrawal.
With a
naloxone spray now licensed (in the U.S. only) and licensed
naloxone injections available internationally, clinicians should either prescribe the long - established injection
naloxone or, in the US at least, the newly - approved
naloxone nasal spray.
First responders (peers, family, police, etc.) may prefer
nasal sprays to injectable
naloxone, which has led to widespread use of improvised
naloxone kits with atomisers for
nasal delivery of the drug.
«Improvised
naloxone nasal sprays lack evidence of absorption and effect: As the US FDA approves
nasal Narcan, researchers warn against using poorly - tested drug delivery systems.»
The U.S. Food & Drug Administration in 2015 approved two prescription versions of
naloxone — an auto - injector and a
nasal spray formulation.
The evidence appeared to show similar effectiveness between the intramuscular and intranasal delivery for heroin or prescription opioid overdose, but the intranasal
naloxone studied was at a concentration different than the FDA - approved
nasal formulation.
«There are some data showing that Narcan (a
naloxone nasal spray) could be used to treat obesity and this study hopefully encourages further look into that kind of treatment.»