There are several different ways of measuring greenhouse gas emissions, for example, see World Bank (2010)[109]: 362 for tables of
national emissions data.
Not exact matches
In 2008, they drew on
data covering 1980 to 2006 to argue that there had been «declining intensities of impact, from energy use and carbon
emission to food consumption and fertiliser use, globally and in countries ranging from the US and France to China, India, Brazil and Indonesia» (Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, vol 105, p 12774).
To investigate the impacts, Yale's Jodi Sherman, M.D. and first author Matthew Eckelman of Northeastern University first used an economic model based on federal
data to calculate total
emissions of different pollutants produced by the healthcare sector over a 10 - year period, drawing on
national health expenditure
data.
Data on
emissions comes from the Oak Ridge
National Laboratory's Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, and the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
Some cities, especially in the developing world, simply don't have access to the kind of
data needed for a comprehensive inventory; Maleki says he often works in places where the only
emissions data available are on a
national scale.
The work included
data from a variety of sources, including
national emissions inventories kept by the United Nations, global estimates of energy use and direct measurements of atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and involved dozens of authors from institutes around the world.
The satellite
data is being combined with that collected by the
National Lightning Detection Network and from a network of sensors that measure low - frequency electromagnetic
emissions, or «sferics,» and changes in the direction of the electric field.
While
national data for environmental performance is limited and difficult to quantify, the research team were able to plot investment in two key agri - environment schemes, land «retirement» for conservation and limiting fertiliser use, against
national trends for farmland bird populations and
emissions from synthetic fertiliser across landmasses including the US, Canada, Australia and Europe.
Using publicly available
data from NASA's Fermi Gamma - ray Space Telescope, independent scientists at the Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), the Harvard - Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of Chicago have developed new maps showing that the galactic center produces more high - energy gamma rays than can be explained by known sources and that this excess
emission is consistent with some forms of dark matter.
To investigate the impacts, Yale's Dr. Jodi Sherman, and first author Matthew Eckelman of Northeastern University first used an economic model based on federal
data to calculate total
emissions of different pollutants produced by the healthcare sector over a 10 - year period, drawing on
national health expenditure
data.
Another useful
data source is the Global Carbon Project, which contains
data on
national emissions emitted within each country, as well as
emissions embedded in imported goods.
They say analysis of the 30
data points is more informative about likely future
emissions than
national figures in wider use because it allows errors to be tracked more closely.
This webpage provides access to most recent
data on
national GHG
emissions and removals for countries that are Parties to the Climate Change Convention, countries that are Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, and organizations that have information on GHG
emissions / removals.
According to
data from the Argonne
National Laboratory, greenhouse gas
emissions for the winning Corvette were 170 percent better than the first non-E85 finisher in the GT class.
No
national survey of how many operators currently use green completions is available, but the
data suggest that once this practice is required,
emissions from this phase of the production process will decline....
But the ammonia
data for dairies significantly exceeds results from the
National Air
Emissions Monitoring Study study, commissioned by the
National Milk Producers Federation in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
At Pocosin Lakes
National Wildlife Refuge, Conservancy researchers monitored carbon dioxide
emissions at a restored site and compared that
data to
emissions from a site that was not restored.
Figure of 400 ppm calculated using fossil fuel
emissions from G. Marland et al., «Global, Regional, and National CO2 Emissions,» in Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2007), and land use change emissions from R. A. Houghton and J. L. Hackler, «Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land - Use Changes,» in Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2002), with decay curve cited in J. Hansen et al., «Dangerous Human - Made Interference with Climate: A GISS ModelE Study,» Atmospheric Chemistry and Phys
emissions from G. Marland et al., «Global, Regional, and
National CO2
Emissions,» in Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2007), and land use change emissions from R. A. Houghton and J. L. Hackler, «Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land - Use Changes,» in Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2002), with decay curve cited in J. Hansen et al., «Dangerous Human - Made Interference with Climate: A GISS ModelE Study,» Atmospheric Chemistry and Phys
Emissions,» in Trends: A Compendium of
Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, 2007), and land use change
emissions from R. A. Houghton and J. L. Hackler, «Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land - Use Changes,» in Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2002), with decay curve cited in J. Hansen et al., «Dangerous Human - Made Interference with Climate: A GISS ModelE Study,» Atmospheric Chemistry and Phys
emissions from R. A. Houghton and J. L. Hackler, «Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land - Use Changes,» in Trends: A Compendium of
Data on Global Change (Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Information and Analysis Center, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, 2002), with decay curve cited in J. Hansen et al., «Dangerous Human - Made Interference with Climate: A GISS ModelE Study,» Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.
«However, for countries wanting to focus their efforts on those categories of
emissions and removals that contribute most significantly to
national emissions, more detailed methods [tier 2 and 3] and
data are required,» she adds.
In other cases — for example,
national emissions baselines and global mitigation pathways — they are projected from or based upon authoritative, externally - sourced
data.
Note: For the purposes of greenhouse gas
emissions inventories,
data on
emissions from combustion of international bunker fuels are subtracted from
national emissions totals.
However,
national experts are encouraged to estimate
emissions for any activity related to existing forests which is considered to result in significant carbon
emissions or removals, and for which necessary
data is available.
The availability of verified
emissions data has allowed the Commission to ensure that the cap on
national allocations under the second phase is set at a level that results in real
emission reductions.
Data on GHG
emissions (by countries) were exported from the World Resource Institute's (WRI) Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT) 17, a database of
national and international GHG
emissions derived from multiple sources.
The CAIT
data set reports at the
national level, however we extrapolated per capita
emissions results by dividing
data by 2010 and 2030 population
data from the World Bank28 (see Supplementary Table S4 online).
This concerns the collection of duly substantiated and verified
emissions data from installations that will only be covered by the EU ETS as from 2013, and the
national lists of installations and the allocation to each one.
We have relatively strong
national and global
data on carbon dioxide
emissions, mostly from burning fossil fuel and cement production; accumulations in the atmosphere show unequivocally that
emissions far exceed the sequestration capacity of the ecosphere.
Provides a comprehensive assessment of the world's greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions at the global,
national, sectoral, and fuel levels and identifies implications of the
data for international cooperation on global climate change...
Dr. Theodore A. Scambos, a glaciologist at the
National Snow and Ice
Data Center at the University of Colorado, said the long life of Larsen B «makes you think there's something particularly unusual about this warming» — perhaps evidence that the warming has been brought on by artificial
emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that trap heat in the atmosphere.
According to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA)
National Emissions Inventory, US coal power plants emitted 45,676 pounds of mercury in 2014 (the latest year
data is available).
-- The Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Transportation, shall promulgate, and update from time to time, regulations to establish
national transportation - related greenhouse gas
emissions reduction goals, standardized models and methodologies for use in developing surface transportation - related greenhouse gas
emissions reduction targets pursuant to sections 134 and 135 of title 23 of the United States Code and methods for collection of
data on transportation - related greenhouse gas
emissions.
Parties were also invited to include
national data and methodological and other information on changes in carbon stocks and
emissions of GHG relating to HWP, stating the approach or approaches used for this purpose.
What Dirk Notz of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg in Germany and Julienne Stroeve of the
National Snow and Ice
Data Center (NSIDC) in Boulder, Colorado, in the US, report in the US journal Science is that they have established a direct correlation between
emissions and ice loss.
Provided in the «Detailed
data by Party» section of the UNFCCC GHG Data page; data are available not only for national totals but also for emissions / removals from individual catego
data by Party» section of the UNFCCC GHG
Data page; data are available not only for national totals but also for emissions / removals from individual catego
Data page;
data are available not only for national totals but also for emissions / removals from individual catego
data are available not only for
national totals but also for
emissions / removals from individual categories
The default
emission factors are averages based on the most extensive
data sets available and they are largely identical to those used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Chage (IPCC), the premier authority on accounting practices at the
national level.
(3) a description of the tools, methods, and procedures that are used for collecting and analyzing
data regarding energy use and greenhouse gas
emissions at the
national, provincial, sectoral, and facility level, including --
According to FAO, the FAOSTAT
Emissions Land Use database provides country - level estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on FAOSTAT activity data using Tier 1 computations, following 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National GHG Inv
Emissions Land Use database provides country - level estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions based on FAOSTAT activity data using Tier 1 computations, following 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National GHG Inv
emissions based on FAOSTAT activity
data using Tier 1 computations, following 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for
National GHG Inventories.
The
data was requested by
Nationals senator and party whip John Williams, who has argued that the carbon
emissions produced by the new plants worldwide would eclipse Australia's total carbon
emission profile.
In addition to analyzing the regional impact, the Synapse report reviews
national - and utility - level
data to infer displaced
emissions rates at lower and higher resolutions.
The average
emissions are calculated using
data from the Environmental Protection Agency's eGrid for direct
emissions and the GREET model (Argonne
National Laboratory) for indirect
emissions (such as mining and the delivery of fuels to powerplants).
We use
data from the GREET model (Argonne
National Laboratory) to calculate the
emissions from extracting crude oil, transport to a refinery, conversion to gasoline, delivery to a filling station, and burning in a car engine.
To determine a
national average for charging
emissions, we average the
emissions of the grids where EVs are sold today, based on 2014 registration
data — a «sales - weighted»
national emissions average.
Once INCAS is applied across the entire country, the detailed
data will support the government's efforts to manage
emissions and design mitigation actions that meet other
national needs, including for sustainable land - use planning purposes.
We would also strongly encourage a common conversation among reporting authorities for
national - level energy and
emissions data regarding potential avenues for harmonization of standards to aid in the comparability of estimates from different
data reporting sources.
Weighted with
data from the US Green Building Council that 40 % of
national CO2
emissions come from buildings, it is more than clear that we must reexamine our go - to for construction materials.
where greenhouse gas
emissions (GHG)
data are directly incorporated into a
national register, the
data can be used to supplement information needed to calculate the
national GHG inventory;
In some countries, the GHG inventory is a comprehensive top - down
national assessment of
national GHG
emissions, and they use top - down
national energy
data and other
national statistics (e.g. on agriculture) to prepare their annual reports.