In particular, it describes a methodology for assessing, through different steps and tiers, the effects of bioenergy use and domestic production on the price and supply of
a national food basket.
Globally, the dominant economic intervention affecting
food pricing is
national taxation on
food to raise general revenue.17, 18 In Australia, the basic
foods required to maintain health were mostly exempted from the Goods and Services Tax (GST), and the price of these
foods was expected to fall after the introduction of the new tax system in 2000.19 However, in Queensland from 2000 to 2001, the price of a
basket of healthy
foods increased by 12 %, more than twice that of less healthy options.20 This highlights the unpredictability of complex economic systems and the need for rigorous testing of economic solutions to increase access to healthy
food.18 Such testing is imperative within remote communities, but baseline data are not readily available as Australia lacks a comprehensive
food and nutrition monitoring and surveillance system.
In Northern Territory communities, it has been estimated that up to 36 % of the family income is needed to purchase
food, 14 which is at least double the proportion required by non-Indigenous Australians.15 One of the proposed «Close the Gap» equity targets was that, by 2018, 90 % of Indigenous families could access a healthy
food basket for under 25 % of their income.16 However, nutrition issues were not included in the final
National Indigenous Reform Agreement of the Council of Australian Governments.