Sentences with phrase «natural external forcings»

Including the effects of natural external forcing factors has a relatively small impact on our 1950 — 2005 results, but improves the correspondence between model and observations over 1900 — 2005.

The warming occurred in both the ocean and the atmosphere and took place at a time when natural external forcing factors would likely have produced cooling.

Natural external forcing also results from explosive volcanism that introduces aerosols into the stratosphere (Section 2.7.2), leading to a global negative forcing during the year following the eruption.

Since 1950, the volcanic forcing has been negative due to a few significant eruptions, and has offset the modestly positive solar forcing, such that the net natural external forcing contribution to global warming over the past 50 years is approximately zero (more specifically, the authors estimate the natural forcing contribution since 1950 at -10 to +13 %, with a most likely value of 1 %).

Since 1950, the volcanic forcing has been negative due to a few significant eruptions, and has offset the modestly positive solar forcing, such that the net natural external forcing contribution to global warming over the past 50 years is approximately zero (more specifically, the authors estimate the natural forcing contribution since 1950 at -10 to +13 %, with a most likely value of 1 %).

These warming trends are consistent with the response to increasing greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols and likely can not be explained by natural internal climate variations or the response to changes in natural external forcing (solar irradiance and volcanoes).

These changes resulted from natural external forcings that, in some instances, triggered strong feedbacks as in the case of the LGM (see Chapter 6).

Anthropogenic and natural external forcings combined explain most of the rest of the observed warming, contributing 0.93 °C (0.61 — 1.24 °C).

Past periods offer the potential to provide information not available from the instrumental record, which is affected by anthropogenic as well as natural external forcings and is too short to fully understand climate variability and major climate system feedbacks on inter-decadal and longer time scales.

Anthropogenic and natural external forcing combined are estimated to have caused 0.93 °C [0.61 - 1.24], consistent with the observed global land mean warming 1.09 °C [0.86 - 1.31

Natural external forcing also results from explosive volcanism that introduces aerosols into the stratosphere (Section 2.7.2), leading to a global negative forcing during the year following the eruption.

Natural internal variability and natural external forcings (eg the sun) have contributed virtually nothing to the warming since 1950 — the share of these factors was narrowed down by IPCC to ± 0.1 degrees.

The answer is probably yes (inter-decadal variability, natural external forcings and so on).

The AR4 concluded that «A substantial fraction of the reconstructed Northern Hemisphere inter-decadal temperature variability of the seven centuries prior to 1950 is very likely attributable to natural external forcing».

This multimodel archive provides estimates of the signal pattern in response to combined anthropogenic and natural external forcing (the fingerprint) and the noise of internally generated variability.

This positive detection result allows us to attribute overall tropopause height changes to a combination of anthropogenic and natural external forcings, with the anthropogenic component predominating.»

A key objective of this chapter is to understand climate changes that result from anthropogenic and natural external forcings, and how they may be distinguished from changes and variability that result from internal climate system processes.

«Natural internal variability and natural external forcings (eg the sun) have contributed virtually nothing to the warming since 1950» Stefan Rahmstorf, climate scientist