The study team hopes its measurements of liquid unloadings and pneumatic devices will provide a clearer picture of methane emissions from
natural gas well sites and about the relationship between well characteristics and emissions.
Not exact matches
The emissions from
natural -
gas - fired boilers used to generate steam make the
well site more carbon - intensive than conventional oil
wells.
The
site has access to nearby
natural gas and reagent sources for processing as
well as a skilled labour pool of engineers and refinery workers.
Ty Wright Bloomberg Getty Images A rig hand removes a drill pipe from a
natural gas well at a fracking
site in Washington Township, Pa..
The groups, which include the
Natural Resources Defense Council, Earthjustice and Frack Action, said using propane would create substantial risks because of the volatility of the
gas, pointing to explosions at
well sites in other states in recent years.
A team of researchers from the Cockrell School of Engineering at The University of Texas at Austin and environmental testing firm URS reports that a small subset of
natural gas wells are responsible for the majority of methane emissions from two major sources — liquid unloadings and pneumatic controller equipment — at
natural gas production
sites.
Less encouraging was what the team discovered at 150 other
well sites that were already producing
natural gas.
According to the Geothermal Energy Association (GEA), based in Washington DC, the
best sites can generate electricity for as little as 5.5 cents per kilowatt - hour, compared with 8 or 9 cents per kilowatt - hour for
natural gas plants.
Cornell University researchers factored in the carbon emissions over the course of
natural gas's life cycle when it is extracted using hydraulic fracturing — which includes drilling the
wells, erecting the construction
sites, building pipelines to transport the
gas, fueling the pumps that force the water underground, and transporting the wastewater — and concluded that
natural gas is dirtier than coal.
«Many reports have been written on the contamination of air and water by volatile organic compounds near
natural -
gas well sites,» said Verner, who is also a researcher at the Public Health Research Institute.
«The goal is to assess the overall health of the babies (birth weight, pre-term births, head circumference and the prevalence of certain congenital birth defects) in relation to their proximity to
natural -
gas well sites and the number of active
wells in their environment,» the researcher said.
Townsend - Small says water samples finding
natural gas - derived methane in
wells near Pennsylvania fracking
sites were taken only after fracking had occurred, so methane levels in those
wells were not documented prior to or during fracking in Pennsylvania.
Better measurements on site might also permit a better understanding of how to reduce the climate impacts of natural gas, but the gas industry has, for the most part, not cooperated with attempts by either the EPA or independent scien
Better measurements on
site might also permit a
better understanding of how to reduce the climate impacts of natural gas, but the gas industry has, for the most part, not cooperated with attempts by either the EPA or independent scien
better understanding of how to reduce the climate impacts of
natural gas, but the
gas industry has, for the most part, not cooperated with attempts by either the EPA or independent scientists.
Natural gas wells are not restaurant kitchens that can be «cleaned up» before the inspectors come — emissions levels from activities like
well completions are determined by geology and the equipment on the
site, the companies couldn't have influenced them to any significant degree if they tried.
The
natural gas leak is rooted from SoCalGas» Aliso Canyon
site, where a relief
well is now being created to stop the hazardous emissions.
The technology to collect and market the
natural gas is available, but rather than installing the necessary infrastructure, operators often burn excess
gas at the
well site, selling just the liquid fossil fuels.
This report found that direct measurements of methane emissions from 190 onshore
natural gas sites in the United States indicate that methane emissions from completed
wells are are lower than commonly thought although the report also acknowledged that emissions from pneumatic controllers and other equipment associated with
natural gas production facilities were higher than previously estimated.
Natural gas is burned off next to water reservoirs used for fracking at an oil
well site August 23, 2011 near Tioga, N.D.
Emissions from
natural gas production have dropped because of a 2012 EPA rule to cut VOCs from
gas sites, and the new strategy would extend the VOC reductions to new oil
wells, too.
UT's sampling of
well sites estimates the national leakage rate associated with the production phase of
natural gas extraction to be equivalent to less than half of one percent of total
natural gas produced.
The UT researchers took measurements at 190
natural gas production
sites — and nearly 500
wells — in every region of the United States where hydraulic fracturing is occurring.
As we explained in December (This is the ongoing
gas leak in California that's an epic ecological disaster) in the United States old oil fields are commonly used on the premise that geological
sites that were
good at keeping in oil for millions of years would also be
good at keeping in
gas — there are hundreds of depleted oil fields now doing service as storage
sites for
natural gas.