Homo heidelbergensis («Heidelberg Man») is an extinct, potentially distinct species of the genus Homo and may be the direct ancestor of
Homo neanderthalensis in Europe.
Many researchers believe
H. neanderthalensis arose as a separate species in Eurasia around 200,000 years ago and occupied a range stretching from Spain in the West to Central Asia in the East.
To learn more about Homo
neanderthalensis in general, go to the timeline found on this website, The Human Lineage Through Time.
Actually, Neandertals are usually classified as Homo
sapiens neanderthalensis, a subspecies of humans, in recognition of consistent differences such as heavy brow ridges, a long low skull, a robust skeleton, and others.
The «Old Man of La Chapelle» was recreated from the skull and jaw of a Homo
neanderthalensis male found near La Chapelle - aux - Saints, in France in 1908.
In a related but separate article in Science, other scientists claim H.
neanderthalensis occupation at a site called Byzovaya Cave in Siberia, at about 65 deg, north latitude and dated to about 32, ooo years ago.
The regional differentiation between African and Asian H. erectus populations, and the eventual transition of the former into H. heidelbergensis, and between H. sapiens and H.
neanderthalensis suggests that there was limited gene flow between Africa and Asia.
Homo
neanderthalensis used their glue — a viscous tar distilled from birch bark — to fix weapons or the heads of a tool onto the haft, or handle.
Furthermore, as modern genetic sequencing has revealed for H.
neanderthalensis, their unique and distinct genomes also indicate these extinct hominids were absolutely not modern H. sapiens.
In the context of Darwin's theories of evolution, the bones were re-examined by anatomist William King, who promptly named them Homo
neanderthalensis, a name that provocatively (and incorrectly) suggested they were the missing link between apes and humans.
Genome studies of Neanderthals (Homo
neanderthalensis) and of both ancient and contemporary H. sapiens suggest that the two species interbred somewhere in the Middle East between 50,000 and 60,000 years ago (Q. Fu et al..
Thus it is — revealing the identity of my example — that we must reclassify Homo
neanderthalensis as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, a subspecies of Homo sapiens.
Homo
neanderthalensis, traditionally considered the last surviving relative, died out 30,000 years ago while recent evidence suggests that Homo floresiensis lived as recently as 12,000 years ago.
Neandertals (Homo
neanderthalensis) are currently believed to be our closest evolutionary relatives.
Although today we are the only human species as recently as 30,000 years ago we shared the planet with at least three others: H. floresienis, H.
neanderthalensis (Neanderthals), and the recently discovered Denisovans; evidence suggests we interbred with at least the latter two.
Using DNA sequencing, scientists have learned that anatomically modern humans interbred with Homo
neanderthalensis, or the Neanderthals, probably around 60,000 years ago in the Middle East, before they fanned out to populate Europe and Asia.
The Neanderthals (Homo
neanderthalensis) inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia between 230,000 and 28,000 years ago; during the last few millennia they coincided with Homo Sapiens Sapiens, and became extinct for reasons that are still being challenged.
Modern humans (Homo sapiens) and extinct species including Homo
neanderthalensis, Homo erectus, Homo habilis, and Homo naledi are part of the Homo genus.
The Neanderthal or Neandertal was a species of Homo (Homo (sapiens)
neanderthalensis) that inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia from about 230,000 to 29,000 years ago, during the Middle Paleolithic period.
Around 45,000 years ago, Homo
neanderthalensis was the predominant human species in Europe.
Ramirez Rozzi classifies Neanderthals as a separate species, Homo
neanderthalensis, and therefore suspects that close relationships with early humans were rare.
Neandertal A hominid species (Homo
neanderthalensis) that lived in Europe and parts of Asia from about 200,000 years ago to roughly 28,000 years ago.
Even if it were Homo
neanderthalensis or Homo erectus, the type of marks and tools left behind would be more elaborated an unequivocal.
The Neanderthals (Homo
neanderthalensis) ranged from Spain to southern Siberia and as far south as modern day Israel and Palestine, according to this map, and lived from about 130,000 years ago until their extinction 28,000 years ago.
Authors think that it might be a hybrid of Homo sapiens and Homo
neanderthalensis.
Neandertal (sometimes spelled Neanderthal) A species (Homo
neanderthalensis) that lived in Europe and parts of Asia from about 200,000 years ago to roughly 28,000 years ago.
Nevertheless, Stringer said that the discovery and dating of H. naledi «remind us that about 95 percent of the area of Africa is still essentially unexplored for its fossil human record, and its history even within the last 500,000 years may well be as complex as that of Eurasia with its 5 known kinds of humans — Homo erectus, heidelbergensis,
neanderthalensis, Denisovans, and floresiensis.»
Neandertal (formerly spelled Neanderthal) This hominid species (Homo
neanderthalensis) lived in Europe and parts of Asia from about 200,000 years ago to roughly 28,000 years ago.
As such, Homo
neanderthalensis was better equipped for cooler climates.
Europe appears to have been home to several such species over the past 1.7 million years, including Homo georgicus, Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis and Homo
neanderthalensis.
These series of events could have contributed to the disappearance of Homo
neanderthalensis.
So perhaps at the end of the Pliestocene, it was the same when humans spread into Europe and Asia, where Homo
neanderthalensis was just another big, slow - reproducing mammal.
Neandertals — Homo
neanderthalensis — are ancient members of the human family tree.
The first revealed at least three and possibly four genetically distinct subgroups of Homo
neanderthalensis, while the second disputed the contention Neanderthals were cannibals at a Croatian site.
Also, less than 400 examples of Homo
neanderthalensis have ever been found since the 1856 discovery; and none yet include a complete skeleton.
(Some scientists believe the differences are large enough to justify a separate species, Homo
neanderthalensis.)
The scientific name for the Neanderthal species — Homo
neanderthalensis — was first suggested by geologist William King in 1864.
This could indicate that H.
neanderthalensis was indeed an additional ecological barrier for modern humans, who could only enter Europe when the demise of Neanderthals had already started.
Other scientists, working on a Neanderthal individual (Homo
neanderthalensis) from Belgium, conclude that Neanderthal juveniles, both males and females, matured at a slightly faster rate than do we (Homo sapiens).
The interesting point here is that no Neanderthal remains have been found at this site, only stone tool artifacts said to be of the same Mousterian technology as that used by H.
neanderthalensis.
Claire Cameron's The Last Neanderthal stirs interest in our closest evolutionary relative, Homo
neanderthalensis.
Early men, the so - termed Neanderthals (Homo
neanderthalensis), gave birth to an «intelligible human».