The
agave nectar plant has impressive stature; it's about 7 to 12 feet in diameter with leaves up to 8 feet tall.
Common threats include: loss of nesting and roosting sites, habitat fragmentation by conversion or destruction of vegetation, habitat fragmentation by excessive exposure
of nectar plants to herbicides and pollinators to pesticides, over-hunting, disruption of nectar corridors required by migratory pollinators, and competition by invasive species65.
All three live only in Costa Rica and western Panama and they were found to be locally specialized to feed on
particular nectar plants.
But they can do this only if those habitats are connected,
with nectar plants acting like stepping stones across a creek.
The document also includes a list of monarch - attractive
native nectar plants suitable for coastal areas.
This initiative will restore milkweed,
monarch nectar plants and pesticide - free areas to the landscape.
A complex network analysis of hummingbirds and
the nectar plants they feed on was used to determine the level of resource specialization in 46 hummingbird communities distributed widely from the Northern USA to Southern Brazil.
Hummingbirds and
their nectar plants have long served as model system for examining ecological and evolutionary processes because of their strong mutual dependencies.
Hummingbirds can weigh as little as 2 grams and have extremely diverse bills, adapted to fit
their nectar plants.
«With this study, we demonstrate that environmental factors such as the climate not only associate with species ranges, but also with local specializations, such as those between hummingbirds and
nectar plants.
When these natural areas are less fragmented, they have fewer edges, meaning they dry out less quickly and maintain enough moisture to nourish
the nectar plants that feed the butterflies, Oliver says.