For example, in one New Hampshire Hospital study, conducted with 113 psychiatric inpatients, researchers found that those who participated in a yoga program for depression displayed improvement in all five
negative emotion factors tested by the Profile of Mood States (POMS).
Nevertheless, the two separate
negative emotions factors are not used as separate scores.
Thus, all the above mentioned items of the two
negative emotions factors are taken into account in the total estimation of the negative emotions total scores of scale takers.
If we try to examine the basic conceptual difference of the two
negative emotions factors we could approach Anger and Sadness as basic primary negative emotions while the negative emotions of the other negative emotions factor could be considered as secondary negative emotions.
Not exact matches
As few studies have been dedicated to investigating which
factors can improve
negative emotions after social exclusion, psychologists from the University of Basel and Purdue University (USA) investigated
factors that can make such situations more bearable.
Because of
negative emotions, emotional trauma as well as living stressful lives,
factors such as these can all play a significant role in the continuation of a person's health problems.
The limiting
factors were: time pressures and competing demands; teachers dominating the process and allowing students to step up; and, fear of failure and other
negative emotions on the part of students.
As a licensed mental health counselor with Transitions Counseling Services, my goal is to provide an open and trusting place where together we can explore the underlying
factors of
negative emotions, and / or life situations you are facing.
We assessed mood and
emotion regulation with the following measures: Positive and
Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), 22 the Differential Emotions Scale (DES), 23 the Aggression scale, 24 and the State - Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI - 2).25 The PANAS yields 2 factors: positive affect and negative affect, with good reliability in our sample (positive affect α = 0.81 and 0.89; negative affect α = 0.84 an
Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), 22 the Differential
Emotions Scale (DES), 23 the Aggression scale, 24 and the State - Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI - 2).25 The PANAS yields 2
factors: positive affect and
negative affect, with good reliability in our sample (positive affect α = 0.81 and 0.89; negative affect α = 0.84 an
negative affect, with good reliability in our sample (positive affect α = 0.81 and 0.89;
negative affect α = 0.84 an
negative affect α = 0.84 and 0.87).
Finally, in considering temperament as a vulnerability
factor for depression, it is important to note that in addition to behavioural inhibition several theorists have developed temperament models that link additional temperamental styles, particularly Positive
Emotion (PE) and
Negative Emotion (NE) to depression.58 Many cross-sectional studies have reported that youth and adults with depressive symptoms exhibit diminished levels of PE and elevated levels of NE59, 60,61 and the combination of these have been associated with concurrent depressive symptoms in clinical62, 63 and community samples.61, 64,65 Furthermore, longitudinal studies have found that lower levels of PE60, 66,67 and higher level of NE in childhood68 - 70 predict the development of depressive symptoms and disorders.
Results highlighted a) through exploratory and confirmatory
factor analyses, a meaningful six -
factor model (
emotion expression, task utility self - persuasion, help - seeking,
negative self - talk, brief attentional relaxation, and dysfunctional avoidance); b) satisfactory internal reliabilities; c) test - retest reliability scores indicative of a satisfactory stability of the measures over time; d) preliminary evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with CERS - M being very weakly linked to verbal skill and moderately to
emotion regulation strategies measured through the Flemish version of the COPE - questionnaire; e) preliminary evidence of criterion validity, with CERS - M scores predicting math anxiety, and to a lesser extent, students» performance; f) preliminary evidence of incremental validity, with the CERS - M predicting math anxiety and performance over and above
emotion regulation measured by the COPE - questionnaire.
model appears to better fit the data than an alternative model made up of two second - order
factors (functional strategies and dysfunctional strategies) and of six first - order
factors (
emotion expression, task utility self - persuasion,
negative self - talk, help seeking, brief attentional relaxation, and dysfunctional avoidance)(χ2 / df = 1.860, RMSEA = 0.027, SRMR = 0.033, CFI = 0.981, AGFI = 0.977).
In these
factors, teleonomy of practice, experience of
emotion, experience of self, achievement of motivation, social adaptability, and living adaptability all have effect for
negative and positive mental health, and are core
factors to influence mental health.
3 Yet another meta - analysis found that neuroticism (i.e., the proclivity to experience
negative emotions), long - established as the personality trait with the most impact on relationship success, accounted for less than 5 % of variance in relationship satisfaction over time.4 All in all,
factors beyond the reach of matching algorithms likely account for over 95 % of couples» long - term relationship satisfaction.
Compared with control children, they had more difficulties with friendships, 29 poorer theory of mind, 16 difficulties labelling and understanding the causes of common
emotions, 16 increased fantasy proneness and difficulty distinguishing fantasy and reality, 31 increased
negative attributional style, dysfunctional attitudes, rumination and self - criticism.32 They also experience difficulties in the mother — child relationship, with four studies reporting high levels of disrupted attachment styles, 21, 29, 31, 32 and in role - play scenarios elevated levels of role - reversal with parents, fear of abandonment, and
negative expectations of parents.31 These
factors are known to put children at risk of poor mental health outcomes, and indeed, this appears to be the case.
Evidence from behavioural genetics indicates that the S allele of the serotonin transporter gene (5 - HTTLPR) is associated with increased
negative emotion, including heightened anxiety (Sen et al. 2004; Munafò et al. 2005), harm avoidance (Munafò et al. 2005), fear conditioning (Lonsdorf et al. 2009), attentional bias to
negative information as well as increased risk for depression in the presence of environmental risk
factors (Caspi et al. 2003; Taylor et al. 2006; Uher & McGuffin 2008; see also Munafò et al. 2009).
The biggest
factor is if one parent is constantly spilling over intensely
negative emotions to the child about the other parent, while the other parent is following court orders and not addressing these issues at all.
These results indicated that for attachment anxiety, mentalization is a protective
factor for
negative emotion and maternal psychological control.
In comparison to children with deficits in emotional development, children with a developed EC are more likely: 1) to sustain learning; 2) to engage in empathic and prosocial behaviours; 3) to express appropriate
emotions in various contexts; 4) to use adaptive strategies to deal with
negative / upsetting
emotions (e.g., anger); and 5) to reduce several risk
factors associated with psychopathology.
Results highlighted a) through exploratory and confirmatory
factor analyses, a meaningful six -
factor model (
emotion expression, task utility self - persuasion, help - seeking,
negative self - talk, brief attentional relaxation, and dysfunctional avoidance); b) satisfactory internal reliabilities; c) test - retest reliability scores indicative of a satisfactory stability of the measures over time; d) preliminary evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with CERS - M being very weakly linked to verbal skill and moderately to
emotion regulation strategies measured through the Flemish version of the COPE - questionnaire; e) preliminary evidence of criterion validity, with CERS - M scores predicting math anxiety, and to a lesser extent, students» performance; f) preliminary evidence of incremental validity, with the CERS - M predicting math anxiety and performance over and above
emotion regulation measured by the COPE - questionnaire.
The current study examined the influence of multiple
factors on individual differences in empathy; namely, attachment,
negative emotionality, and
emotion regulation.
They also only reviewed psychosocial risk
factors, e.g. those associated with increased (di) stress levels, and did not include any positive emotional outcome measures of emotional adjustment such as well - being, positive affect, happiness or life satisfaction, which are just as significant to health and for quality of life as the prevalence of
negative emotions (Folkman and Moskowitz, 2000; Steptoe and Wardle, 2005; Rutten et al., 2013).