Sentences with phrase «nerve cell injury»

In the present work, the teams led by Michael Ewers (ISD) and EMBO Member Christian Haass (DZNE) focussed on the TREM2 protein, which functions in specialized brain immune cells called microglia that clear toxic material resulting from nerve cell injury.

Not exact matches

Serious trauma to the spinal cord can bring on paralysis even though many nerve cells survive the initial injury.

In the new study, Zigmond and colleagues found damaged nerve cells produce a stream of molecular lures that specifically attract neutrophils to injury sites in mice.

Immune cells are normally associated with fighting infection but in a new study, scientists have discovered how they also help the nervous system clear debris, clearing the way for nerve regeneration after injury.

Results from the new study suggest immunostimulant molecules that target neutrophils at nerve injury sites might enhance clean - up and promote nerve cell repair.

«We came up with a list of potential cellular candidates that could be compensating for the loss of these specific macrophages and used several different tests to determine which cells were clearing away the nerve debris after injury,» Lindborg said.

Yonju Ha, a lead author of this article, said that further studies on this receptor and its role in white blood cell recruitment following tissue injury may aid in the development of new interventions for diseases associated with nerve injury, such as TON, stroke, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma.

When a spinal cord injury takes place, extensions of nerve cells from the brainstem — the region of the brain where the command and coordination for urination takes place — become disconnected from cells in the spinal cord that control the muscles that squeeze or relax the bladder and open and close the urethra.

In the current study, Yu - Shang Lee, PhD, of the Cleveland Clinic, together with Jerry Silver, PhD, of Case Western Reserve Medical School, and others, used a chemical that promotes cell growth along with a scar - busting enzyme to create a more hospitable environment for the nerve graft at the injury site.

Delivering a single injection of a scar - busting gene therapy to the spinal cord of rats following injury promotes the survival of nerve cells and improves hind limb function within weeks, according to a study published April 2 in The Journal of Neuroscience.

The many functions of astrocytes include protecting the brain from injury and harmful agents and providing essential support for nerve cells.

After other researchers reported that bone marrow stem cell therapy led to a modest but promising 5 percent improvement in the regeneration of sensory nerve fibers in rats with spinal cord injuries, he performed a critical reality check.

The gene in question, apolipoprotein E (apoE), codes for a protein in the brain's astrocyte cells that seems to help spur nerve cell growth and clear up debris from neuronal injuries brought by head trauma, stroke, or cerebral hemorrhage.

The study introduced here focused on a population of support cells in the spinal cord that helps to protect surviving nerve cells (neurons) after injury: oligodendrocytes and their precursor cells.

Understanding the coordinated development of motor neurons and glia may inform ways to prod stem cells into generating more glia after someone suffers an injury with nerve damage.

During an early clinical trial at the Miami Project last year, researchers took Schwann cells from an easily accessible sensory nerve in a patient's leg, grew them in culture and injected them at the point of the spinal cord injury.

In that work, scientists removed olfactory ensheathing cells from the noses of dogs with complete spinal cord injuries, and injected them at the site of the severed nerves.

When scientists gave mice an oral drug called LM11A - 31 (designed to prevent neural degeneration in Alzheimer's patients) just hours after a complete spinal cord injury, it limited the death of cells that protect nerve fibers, allowing test rodents to retain their ability to walk and swim.

A study published in Cell last year demonstrated that human and rat stem cells could be grafted onto the spinal cord of paralyzed rats, forming new nerves capable of communicating across the injury site.

Their breakthrough, published today in the scientific journal PLoS Biology, could eventually help develop tools to repair nerve cells following injuries to the nervous system (such as the brain and spinal cord).

Previous research has described at least some of the fundamental processes involved in healthy, on - going peripheral nerve growth regeneration, including the critical role of mitochondria — cellular organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy - carrying molecule found in all cells that is vital to driving nerve recovery after injury.

The injuries crush and sever the long axons of spinal cord nerve cells, blocking communication between the brain and the body and resulting in paralysis below the injury.

Neuroscientists have long believed that scar tissue formed by glial cells — the cells that surround neurons in the central nervous system — impedes damaged nerve cells from regrowing after a brain or spinal cord injury.

Researchers focused on injury to cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)-- the crucial network of nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

Two weeks after the rats sustained their injuries, Schwartz's group found that the number of surviving cells in the damaged nerves of these rats was three times higher on average than in rats with similar damage that received a placebo injection.

Burn victims or those with spinal cord injuries might be provided with replacement skin or nerve tissue grown from their own body cells.

Ten people will receive injections into the injury site of hESC - derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which stimulate the growth of new and severed nerves and recoat damaged nerves with myelin.

The study showed that a peripheral nerve injury in rats sends a message from damaged nerve cells to spinal cord immune cells known as glial cells, which normally act as «housekeepers» to clear out unwanted debris and microorganisms.

To regain function, connections from the brain to the spinal cord must regrow, different types of immune cells have to clear the injury site, and stem cells in the spinal cord need to generate new nerve cells, which then connect to the muscles.

Macrophage depletion alters the blood — nerve barrier without affecting Schwann cell function after neural injury.

These cells have the ability to cross the blood - brain barrier and travel directly into the nervous system to improve blood flow to the brain and repair some of the nerve damage which has occurred as a result of your degenerative disease or neurological injury.

By this, researchers demonstrated that a peripheral nerve injury in rats would send a message from the damaged nerve cell to special spinal cord immune cells called «glial cells».

There's no retinal ganglion cell regeneration or replacement after optic nerve injury.

When an axolotl suffers a spinal cord injury, nearby cells called glial cells kick into high gear, proliferating rapidly and repositioning themselves to rebuild the connections between nerves and reconnect the injured spinal cord.

In particular, we are asking how molecules that are important in eye development both prevent and protect against damage in disease states such as AMD and encourage regeneration of cells and their nerve fibers after injury.

He also studies how nerve cells can form new connections to neighboring nerve cells after injury.

By contrast, when a human suffers a spinal cord injury, the glial cells form scar tissue, which blocks nerves from ever reconnecting with each other.

Searching the entire genome, a Yale research team has identified a gene that when eliminated can spur regeneration of axons in nerve cells severed by spinal cord injury.

He has also made fundamental contributions to understanding the role of apoE in the nervous system, specifically in nerve injury and regeneration and in the remodeling of neurites on neuronal cells.

The Yale team found more than 580 different genes that may play a role in regeneration of axons in nerve cells, something that rarely occurs in adult mammals but is of vital interest to scientists hoping to repair injuries to the central nervous system.

Prior research had developed a number of new compounds making use of a novel drug discovery paradigm which begins with natural products extracted from plants; it then entails selecting synthetic derivatives which demonstrate efficacy in multiple assays testing protection against different factors of the nerve cell damage and death which take place in brain injuries and in age - associated neurodegenerative conditions.

As with stroke, CNB - 001 was again discovered to maintain the critical signalling pathways needed for nerve cell survival, and also the connections between nerve cells which are lost with the injury.

Escalated regeneration in sciatic nerve crush injury by the combined therapy of human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells and fermented soybean extracts, Natto.

Excitotoxicity is a pathological process where glutamic and aspartic acid cause an over-activation of your nerve cell receptors, which can lead to calcium - induced nerve and brain injury.

Ginkgo may directly stimulate nerve cell activity, protecting nerve cells from further injury.

Student, «Characterizing the macrophage response to peripheral nerve injury» Gat Rauner, Postdoc Assoc., «Cell Hierarchy, Lineage Commitment and Differentiation in the Bovine Mammary Gland» Lunch provided with sign up - please contact Sue Williams at [email protected] or 256-5600

Effects on Brain Development from Terbutaline, Pesticides Both chemicals independently caused brain injuries not seen in the control rats, including the loss of brain cells and the nerve cell projections critical to communication among neurons; and the effects persisted into adulthood.

Most spinal cord injuries are permanent because spinal nerve cells do not regenerate like other body cells, so the damage is irreversible.

As scientists continue to explore the injury and recovery process of spinal cord injuries, experimental treatments may be available to stop cell death, control swelling and nerve regeneration.

Common types of head injuries include traumatic brain injuries, tears of the brain, skull fractures, scalp injuries, concussions, nerve cell damage and blood swelling between the brain and the skull.