Sentences with phrase «nerve cells form»

We are now able to see the changes related to such adaptations and to see how nerve cells form new connections or how connections between nerve cells are broken.

These nerve cells form part of the pathway that controls a male canary's singing.

Lots of synapses communicating between different nerve cells form networks and LTP intensifies the connectivity of the cells in the network to make information transfer more efficient.

Scientists have known for 20 years that SMN is necessary in every cell of the body, since disrupting the gene in a mouse causes early embryonic death, before muscle or nerve cells form.

Children's brain nerve cells form before birth and continue to develop during the first six years.

Not exact matches

Thus, at the lowest level, electrons tend to unite and converge in the atom; atoms converge by molecularization, crystallization; molecules unite by polymerization; cells unite by conjugation, reproduction, association; nerve ganglions concentrate and localize to form a brain by what might be called a process of cephalization; the higher animal groups form colonies, hives, herds, societies, etc.; man socializes and forms civilizations as foci of attraction and organization.

It had to be supposed that these activities were brought together to result in some relatively unified type of action, e.g., to form a definitive nerve cell, rather than a definite muscle cell.

Typically, vitamin B - 12 is found only in animal foods, making it a difficult nutrient for vegans to get in their diet, but it's essential for making red blood cells, as it keeps your nerve cells healthy and is essential for forming DNA.

Vitamin B6 helps maintain healthy brain function, normal nerve function, forming red blood cells, and breaking down and digesting proteins.

In his brain, nerve cells are branching out to connect with each another, forming primitive neural pathways.

Although these spots themselves are harmless, if some of the spots are bigger than a 50 cent coin, then it could be due to Neurofibromatosis (NF), which is a genetic disorder of the nervous system that causes abnormal cell growth of nerve tissues or benign tumours to form on the nerves anywhere in the body at any time.

Nerve cells are branching out, forming primitive neural pathways.

Nerve cells that form early in development will make lots of connections — and lots of mistakes.

Although amyloid clogs the brain early on, memory loss tracks much better with a different protein, tau, which forms so - called «tangles» within nerve cells.

Over the past 15 years, the GFP gene has enabled scientists to watch a plethora of previously murky biological processes in action: how nerve cells develop in the brain, how insulin - producing beta cells form in the pancreas of an embryo, how proteins are transported within cells, and how cancer cells metastasize through the body.

They included PTPRG, which encodes a protein that enables nerve cells to connect as they form nerve networks.

In research that has implications for diabetes and other metabolic diseases, an international study based at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that the protein connexin 43 (Cx43) forms cell - to - cell communication channels on the surface of emerging beige fat cells that amplify the signals from those few nerve fibers.

That three - or - so - pound lump of soft tissue, housed within the cranium, has about 100 billion nerve cells or neurons (roughly equal to the number of stars in our galaxy), which form trillions of connections with each other, giving rise to millions of operations going on simultaneously.

In a developing fetus, she surmised, those phone calls would reach groups of nerve cells in the LGN; as their synaptic connections with the retinal neurons strengthened, the LGN neurons would begin forming «area codes» of their own.

NEW ROLE A kind of brain cell called an astrocyte (shown) may help nerve cells in the hippocampus form traumatic memories, a study in rats suggests.

In rats and tissue cultures of human nerve cells, these «beta sheet breakers» not only prevent amyloid plaques from forming, but also dissolve existing plaques.

However, coaxing these cells to grow and form connections capable of relaying nerve signals has been elusive.

Two kinds of mouse glial brain cells, microglia and astrocytes, making different versions of the APOE protein were grown with brain nerve cells, or neurons, that make disease - causing forms of tau.

Nerve cells exchange information with each other in the form of electrical signals via so - called synapses.

«We hope that these cells can eventually lead to new treatments for glaucoma and other forms of optic nerve disease.»

They also tested other chemicals known to prevent the other two forms of cellular suicide, but only CGP3466B protected mouse nerve cells in the brain from death by cocaine.

The newly discovered Merkel cell - nerve ending synapse is unique, Gu says, «because it is the only example of a synapse formed between a non-neuronal cell and a nerve cell, and it is the first synapse that is found underneath the skin.»

The human brain consists of thousands of different types of nerve cells that are all formed out of what in simple terms can be described as immature stem cells.

The study answered long - standing questions in the field, but the researchers stated that this is just the beginning of many more experiments aimed at understanding how our brains are able to form new nerve cells throughout life.

A study published in Cell last year demonstrated that human and rat stem cells could be grafted onto the spinal cord of paralyzed rats, forming new nerves capable of communicating across the injury site.

Some of these cells lost their star shape and began to form new nerve cells in a brain region responsible for smell.

Nerve cells, for example, form long extensions that are attracted to signals from other cells in order to produce the network that forms the nervous system; similarly, scavenger cells recognise the scent of harmful germs in order that they can pursue and destroy them.

The research also answers a long - standing question about why motor neurons, the nerve cells of the spinal cord that control muscle movement, form much faster than other types of neurons.

Axons, the long projections of neural cells which form the nerves of our peripheral nervous system, are like electrical cables: they have thick electrical insulation so that they can quickly relay stimuli from the body and signals from the brain to a toe, for example.

In both mouse and fruit fly embryos, Detlev Arendt, an evolutionary biologist at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany, has found that cells involved in forming the brain and nerve cord divide into three columns of cells.

«Interestingly, even when we blocked the signalling mechanism in mice not subjected to a stroke, the astrocytes formed new nerve cells,» says Zaal Kokaia.

A patient's own bone marrow stem cells can form bone and cartilaginous tissue, not the underlying vasculature and nerve compartments; and, embryonic stem cell derived bone may prompt an immune rejection.

Using genetic methods to map the fate of the cells, the scientists could demonstrate that astrocytes in this area formed immature nerve cells, which then developed into mature nerve cells.

The most common primary, malignant brain tumors in adults, called glioma, are formed from cells in the brain that are not nerve cells.

The new nerve cells were found to form specialized contacts with other cells.

Neuroscientists have long believed that scar tissue formed by glial cells — the cells that surround neurons in the central nervous system — impedes damaged nerve cells from regrowing after a brain or spinal cord injury.

Moreover, the inability to remove defective mitochondria from nerve cells has been linked to numerous neurodegenerative diseases, including the more common forms of Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Some nerve cells are killed off, others are pruned back and still others are locked into place, a restyling that moves the brain closer to its adult form.

In 2010, they decided to collaborate to learn about zinc's impact on retinal ganglion cells, which receive visual signals and form the optic nerve that delivers information to the brain.3

But recent research indicates that smaller, soluble forms of amyloid - beta — rather than the solid plaques — are responsible for the death of nerve cells that leads to cognitive decline.

MIXED SIGNALS Minibrains grown in the lab form nerve cells (red) prematurely and show signs of dying cells (green) when treated with a signaling molecule called LIF.

Schwann cells that form a protective coating around peripheral nerves — the myelin sheath — are color - coded with antibodies that identify the presence of proteins in the HIPPO - TAZ / YAP and G?s - protein molecular feedback circuit.

The detail of the cerebral cortext shows the myelin fibers that form an electrically insulating layer around the nerve cells (green / violet).

Schwann cells form a protective myelin sheath around nerves, which acts as insulation to ensure rapid transmission of neural signals to limbs and other parts of the body.

The genes in question are all involved in the production of myelin, which forms the fatty insulation around nerve cell axons that enables efficient communication in the central nervous system.