Sentences with phrase «nerve cells involved»

Before injecting nematodes with magnetic nanoparticles, the scientists first coated the manganese — iron nanoparticles with polyethylene glycol, a molecule that targeted the particles to the mucus layer of the amphid region (an opening near the nematode's mouth that hosts the nerve cells involved in the heat avoidance reflex).

Human nerve cells involved in the process are spread throughout the brain.

«In that case, we will also have to ask how such changes affected the functions and connectivity of the nerve cells involved.»

Although the types of nerve cells involved in the two systems maybe very different, the circuit patterns are highly likely to be similar.

The nerve cells involved in this integration process and control of hormonal signals reside in an area of the insect brain known as the mid-Ventral Ganglion (mVG), which in turn communicates with a region of the central brain that is akin to the mammalian hypothalamus.

Not exact matches

Researchers are looking for taste bud cells that might involved in turning off our desire, but also considering, Chandrashekar says, the possibility that once saltwater reaches a certain concentration, it leaks between the taste bud cells and makes its way down to the nerve directly.

He showed that short - term memory involves increased levels of neurotransmitters at the synapses, the communication sites between nerve cells and long - term memory requires changes in the levels of proteins in the synapse.

A month after H7N7 or H3N2 infection, mice had fewer nerve cell connectors called dendritic spines on cells in the hippocampus, a brain region involved in memory.

Lewy bodies are protein deposits that develop in nerve cells in regions of the brain involved in thinking, memory and movement.

«We also found that reduced cohesin led to changes in the expression of genes involved in nerve cell development and the response to an immune signaling protein,» corresponding author Toshihide Yamashita says.

Levels of dopamine — a neurotransmitter involved in signalling between nerve cells and which is implicated in drug addiction — showed differences in the more impulsive gamblers.

But this study hints that the rest periods between bouts of dieting, not the time spent cutting calories, may play an important role in nerve cell growth in mice, says Mark Mattson, a neuroscientist at the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore, Md., who wasn't involved in the study.

Some of the genes involved help regulate the flow of ions in and out of the cells, particularly nerve cells; others code for so - called heat shock proteins that are typically induced during stress.

But if the HLA - A2 gene turns out to be the culprit, then the immune system is probably involved somehow in Alzheimer's symptoms, says Payami, perhaps by damaging nerve cells.

Learning involves constant restructuring of nerve - cell connections.

In both mouse and fruit fly embryos, Detlev Arendt, an evolutionary biologist at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany, has found that cells involved in forming the brain and nerve cord divide into three columns of cells.

Most of these trials involve stem cell - derived neural progenitor cells, which can turn into several different types of brain or spinal cord cells, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which create the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect nerve cells.

The major advancement with the new study is that it demonstrates for the first time that self - repair in the adult brain involves astrocytes entering a process by which they change their identity to nerve cells.

Previous research has described at least some of the fundamental processes involved in healthy, on - going peripheral nerve growth regeneration, including the critical role of mitochondria — cellular organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy - carrying molecule found in all cells that is vital to driving nerve recovery after injury.

TMS is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat some patients with depression by stimulating nerve cells in the region of the brain involved in mood control.

The higher - CO2 conditions likely disrupt the GABA family of nerve - cell proteins, which are involved in vision and behavior, the researchers say.

The genes in question are all involved in the production of myelin, which forms the fatty insulation around nerve cell axons that enables efficient communication in the central nervous system.

Scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology in Martinsried have now discovered that, in fruit flies, four classes of nerve cell are involved in calculating directionally selective signals.

The researchers administered drugs to block neurotransmitters common to humans, frogs and other animals: GABA - A, which is responsible mainly for inhibiting nerve cells from firing, and glutamate receptors (AMPA and NMDA), which are involved primarily in exciting neurons to fire.

Combined, the molecular processes involving the HIPPO / TAZ / YAP and Gαs feedback circuit indicate it acts as a fulcrum that balances Schwann cell proliferation and differentiation in peripheral nerves, according to the authors.

In epilepsy, nerve cells or neurons lose their usual rhythm, and ion channels, which have a decisive influence on their excitability, are involved.

How that might eventually predispose a person to Alzheimer's is still unclear, but it may involve a receptor molecule for the herpes virus in the connections between nerve cells.

Most of these trials involve stem cell — derived neural progenitor cells, which can turn into several different types of brain or spinal cord cells, or oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, which create the myelin sheaths that insulate and protect nerve cells.

The solution was targeted to each animal's striatum, a brain region involved in motor control; it is the dopamine - producing nerve cells in this area that die during Parkinson's disease.

It is marked by a progressive decline in physical function, the most iconic being uncontrollable tremors, and involves the malfunction and eventual death of nerve cells located in the brain.

The third promising biomarker involves imaging of the inner retina, including vascular, nerve fiber and ganglion cell components.

John O'Keefe, along with John Dostrovsky, discovered in 1971 that the hippocampus contains special nerve cells that are involved in determining an animal's specific location, which they called place cells.

Huntington's disease is a rare inherited disorder involving the progressive loss of particular nerve cells in the brain.

The channel - like property could have evolved, says Edwards, to meet the important need of moving large amounts of glutamate quickly, for while the other neurotransmitters are involved in modulating behaviors, such as mood, and therefore don't need to act with millisecond speed, glutamate functions by rapid - fire communication between closely placed nerve cells, and could require the fast action of the channel mechanism.

By determining the structure of a protein involved in modulating the electrical signals sent from one nerve cell to another, scientists have resolved, in exquisite detail, a mechanism responsible for...

Specifically, he uses high - throughput genetic screening to identify genes involved in the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the nerve cells whose death defines glaucoma.

Normally, apoE is involved in repairing nerve cells that have been injured, for example, by a concussion.

Spinal muscular atrophy involves wasting of the skeletal muscles and is caused by gradual degeneration of nerve cells in the spinal cord.

One of the processes involves axons, or fibers that connect nerve cells.

Parkinson's involves the malfunction and death of vital nerve cells in the brain, called neurons.

Second, they will determine which components of the EDN system are involved in both degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal cell death.

Retinal ganglion cell loss in a rat ocular hypertension model is sectorial and involves early optic nerve axon loss.

More than one hundred vitamin B6 - dependent enzymes have been identified, mostly involved in amino acid metabolism: for oxygen transport via hemoglobin synthesis; in blood sugar regulation via conversion of stored carbohydrate to energy; in the development of the myelin sheath surrounding nerve cells; in the conversion of alphalinoleic acid to the essential long - chain fatty acid DHA; 28 and in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, phospholipids and sphingolipids, the vitamin niacin from tryptophan, and other vital metabolites.5 In addition to its role in enzyme reactions, B6 appears to moderate the action of some steroid hormones such as the glucocorticoid hormones, which in turn influence the metabolism of protein, carbohydrate and lipids.5, 9 B6 also is a potent antioxidant, rivaling carotenoids and vitamin E in its ability to quench reactive oxidants in the body.29

Each serving also provides high - potency B vitamins — Niacin, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 — critical for every cell in your body to work at peak performance and involved in metabolism, energy production, nerve function and more.

Very much in the same way that an overtaxed muscle will twitch briefly before giving way, nerve cells of the cerebral cortex involved in running the task appear to be forced, by lack of fuel, to simply tap out for the moment, leaving you no choice but to take a break.

Histamines are chemicals that are stored in immune cells known as Mast Cells, and are involved in nerve transmission and immune response regulacells known as Mast Cells, and are involved in nerve transmission and immune response regulaCells, and are involved in nerve transmission and immune response regulation.

Calcium is a mineral that supports muscle function, transmits nerve impulses to help cells communicate with each other, and is involved in the release of certain hormones.

Cholesterol helps to build and maintain cell membranes, determines what substances can pass in and out of the cells, is important for the metabolism of fat - soluble vitamins, insulates nerve fibers, and most importantly is involved in the production of sex hormones, including testosterone.

This is a neurotransmitter, involved in transmitting chemical messages from a nerve cell to an adjacent cell.

Laser therapy helps to alleviate pain and inflammation, reduces swelling, and stimulates nerve regeneration and cells involved in tissue repair.