Sentences with phrase «neural circuit functions»

Researchers can potentially exploit this knowledge to not only develop more stable and precise decoding techniques, but also gain a better understanding of most basic neural circuit functions.

Not exact matches

Gait disturbance in individuals with spinal cord injury is attributed to the interruption of neural pathways from brain to the spinal locomotor center, whereas neural circuits locate below and above the lesion maintain most of their functions.

These two gene families likely allowed the octopus to build unique neural circuits serving functions such as memory, navigation and planning.

Astrocytes are star - shaped cells in our brain that surround brain neurons, and neural circuits, protecting them from injury and enabling them to function properly — in essence, one of their main roles is to «baby - sit» neurons.

The subsequent training is essential to sift out and stabilize the key neural circuits for the recovery of the motor functions.

Or we may have developed miniature electronic circuits capable of monitoring and stimulating neurons, which might be used to augment memory or maintain neural functions during the replacement of neuronal nuclei.

This observation raises the exciting possibility of identifying different autism sub-groups based on how well this particular neural circuit is functioning.

«Neurons outside of the central nervous system have many functions, from relaying sensory information to controlling organ function, but some of these peripheral neural circuits are not yet well understood,» says Ben Deverman, senior research scientist and director of the Beckman Institute's CLOVER Center.

In animals, for example, distinct neural circuits control different functions, such as vocalization and vision.

«I think our study strongly suggests that this is the case, and that each cell has a unique genetic program that's tailored to the function of a given cell within a neural circuit,» Greenberg said.

Our method is a first step toward developing a new mathematical toolkit to uncover the structure of neural circuits with unknown function in the brain.»

Understanding the dynamic mechanisms that lead to the emergence of brain functions through the development and continuous remodelling of neural circuits, and the constraints that disease and aging impose to this multi-modal plasticity has important implications that go beyond fundamental neuroscience, from education policies to brain repair.

To develop new bioelectronic therapies, scientists must first map the neural circuits and determine patterns of neural firing that correspond to healthy organ function.

Because the RNAi wasn't used to dampen FOXP2 activity until 23 days after the birds hatched, the new study shows that the gene has a role beyond embryonic development, says neurogeneticist Simon Fisher of the University of Oxford in the U.K. «The gene, at least in songbirds, may have important active functions in [neural] circuits,» he says.

Together, the work of Grillner and Jessell on spinal circuits has bridged the gap between the developmental organisation of defined neural networks and the behavioural functions they encode.

A Dynamic Connectome Supports the Emergence of Stable Computational Function of Neural Circuits through Reward - Based Learning

Examples of funding areas include but are not limited to molecular genetic analysis of relevant neural circuit assembly and function; genetic and epigenetic research; animal models created by genetically altering neural circuits; and testing of new chemical entities that might be used in animal models as exploratory treatments.

Unravelling the unique contribution of these specific neuronal populations to the function of neural circuits will advance our understanding of how the brain processes abstract cognitive functions.

How are these functions of neural circuits encoded in the genome?

At Weizmann, Dr. Spiegel will be establishing his own independent research group which will attempt to identify the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which experience alters the structure and function of neural circuits in the brain in behaviorally relevant ways and to understand how these processes, when they go awry, might give rise to psychiatric disorders.

Sten Grillner has elucidated basic principles of neural circuit organization and function that control vertebrate locomotion using lamprey as a model organism.

In the brains of humans and non-human primates, over 100 billion nerve cells build up complicated neural circuits and produce higher brain functions.

These efforts also address neural function and memory, such as mechanisms employed by the brain to balance excitatory and inhibitory activity in neural circuits.

Major themes of Dr. Drevets studies have involved: 1) characterizing the pathophysiology of mood disorders using multimodal neuroimaging technologies; 2) delineating neural circuits in which dysfunction is associated with major depressive episodes; 3) elucidating effects of genetic variants associated with the risk for mood disorders on neural function, structure and receptor pharmacology; 4) investigating the neural mechanisms of antidepressant and mood stabilizing treatments, and 5) developing novel therapeutics for mood disorders.

In recent decades a rapid expansion in knowledge has occurred about the brain circuits that process and regulate emotional behavior, and in which abnormalities of neural function and structure associate with mood disorders.

By inserting these proteins into the living brain, we can study and perturb different elements of neural circuits, giving us a picture of how individual components function within the complex network.

He hopes it will also inspire neuroscientists to pursue other kinds of robotic automation — such as in optogenetics, the use of light to perturb targeted neural circuits and determine the causal role that neurons play in brain functions.

Anthony DeCostanzo is a Research Scientist at RIKEN in the Laboratory for Neural Circuit Theory where he is modeling brain function.

I study the gonadal steroid regulation of neural circuits that control reproductive behavior, and the physiology and function of steroids made in the brain (neurosteroids).

A major challenge in this area is that, while we now have powerful methods to manipulate neural circuits as a whole (such as optogenetics), we lack comparable methods to dissect the function of each of the individual neurotransmitters that are used within those circuits.

On the other hand, it is also possible that a cognitive function such as numerical discrimination, which is apparently complex, may actually be based on relatively simple neural circuits, as suggested by a recent neural network study [71].

Moreover, because trans - Tango works by instigating the expression of genes in connected pairs of neurons, it also has the potential to enable scientists to control circuit functions, says senior and corresponding author Gilad Barnea, PhD, an associate professor of neuroscience who began looking for a precise, reliable, and general way to visualize neural connections two decades ago.