Stockpiles of cholera and yellow fever vaccine are limited, but
a new cholera vaccine manufacturer may help ease the shortage.
But
the new cholera causes severe disease in all age groups.
They feared
a new cholera pandemic, and researchers around the world scrambled to find the source of this dangerous new pathogen.
But the Dutch researchers suggest that other
new cholera epidemics may crop up in future.
Not exact matches
An 1884 newspaper illustration, for example, depicted a skeleton disguised as a fruit seller offering produce to little children, suggesting that raw, unboiled fruits and vegetables led to
cholera.17 The actual culprit, especially in such turn - of - the - century urban metropolises as
New York City, with its inadequate, overloaded water and sewer systems, was most likely bacteria residing on the outside of the produce, or contaminated water or milk that happened to be ingested, rather than anything in the produce itself.18 Given the laxative effect of fruits and vegetables if consumed in excess, however, it is understandable that people assumed fresh produce might contribute to diseases with symptoms that included diarrhea.
The symptoms and treatment of
cholera caused by the
new strain (designated V.
cholerae O139) are largely the same as for «normal»
cholera.
This is because while many adults in areas where there have been V.
cholerae O1 epidemics have developed some immunity to this strain, they lack immunity to the
new O139 vibrio.
«We have recorded seven
new cases of Lassa fever across the country and the
cholera outbreak in Kwara state has also fizzled out.
Spending on
cholera goes mostly to contain outbreaks in
new places, leaving hotspots as continued sources of disease.
Climate change will also bring
new diseases to many areas, including water - borne diseases like
cholera.
But for now, Waldor, Clemens and Hotez, writing in The
New England Journal of Medicine are calling for a global stockpile of
cholera vaccine so there will be enough for emergencies such as Haiti.
A
new study delineates a sequential pattern of changes in the intestinal microbial population of patients recovering from
cholera in Bangladesh, findings that may point to ways of speeding recovery from the dangerous diarrheal disease.
Or in the style of smallpox and
cholera, it might kill quickly with explosive symptoms that can spread an infection to dozens of
new victims within a day.
«Also by studying how the gut microbiota usually recover after
cholera, we gain
new ideas about how to manage severely disturbed microbial communities, ideas that can be used to protect against diseases that often follow such disturbance, such as infections that commonly follow antibiotic use.»
While the
new discovery confirms scientists» ideas about the evolution of disease, the worrying implication is that the same process could cause other virulent strains of
cholera to emerge at any time.
So when a large number of
cholera cases caused by a
new strain named O139 started turning up in India, WHO officials were understandably alarmed.
So people who have built up immunity to
cholera could not fight off the
new strain because their immune systems were fooled into ignoring the bacterium.
There is some evidence to suggest that carriers might be relatively resistant to
cholera (
New Scientist, Science, 15 October 1994) and perhaps other intestinal diseases that kill by dehydration.
Like other pathogens, V.
cholerae keeps evolving into
new forms, and it continues to erupt into worldwide pandemics.
Dutch researchers say the
new strain arose when the bacterium that usually causes
cholera borrowed genes from a normally harmless strain.
Old diseases such as
cholera and measles have developed
new resistance to antibiotics.
The results of two studies, published in Science, present a
new «rule - book» to estimate the risk of different
cholera strains causing an epidemic.
The genome data give both
cholera researchers and microbial ecologists a
new way to look at the microbe.
A
new type of
cholera has broken out in India and Bangladesh.
The
new finding, announced today in the journal Science, opens up a novel approach to designing drugs to fight other bacteria, such as those that cause pneumonia, ear infections,
cholera and Lyme disease.
Cholera vaccines now being tested will also not work on the
new form, says Jim Tulloch, head of
cholera control at the WHO.
Because of this, people who have contracted the
cholera which is endemic to much of the Third World, or people who have suffered from the worldwide epidemic now raging from Africa to South America, have no immunity to the
new disease.
Clinical studies to combat viral infections, a
new diabetes medication, and insights to
cholera are among the many breakthroughs that got their start at scientific and technical conferences, AAAS has reported.
Normally, within the llama, these antibodies would adapt to a
new antigen (via a process called somatic hypermutation), but the researchers could not inject the animals with
cholera and wait for them to create the correct antibodies.
WHILE the
cholera outbreak that has so far killed 259 in Haiti was starting to taper off as
New Scientist went to press, the capital Port - au - Prince was bracing itself for the disease's arrival.
The results of two studies, published in Science (10 November), present a
new «rule - book» to estimate the risk of different
cholera strains causing an epidemic.
The current, seventh
cholera pandemic (marked by a
new strain of the bacteria) began in Asia in 1961 and has since spread to Africa and the Americas.
«Climate change is the
cholera of our era — fear of the havoc that climate change will wreak should stimulate a
new public health revolution.»
Waiver of immunity is at the center of another
cholera case against the UN, this time in the Eastern District of
New York.