The agreement grew out of
the new fuel efficiency standards passed by Congress in 2007, the Supreme Court's decision in Massachusetts v. EPA, which precipitated global warming pollution standards for vehicles under the Clean Air Act, and global warming pollution standards enacted in California and subsequently adopted by 13 other states and the District of Columbia.
Markey likened this stance to the plight of the auto industry, which ran itself into the ground while fighting
new fuel efficiency standards.
Boosted Fuel Efficiency Standards: Released
new fuel efficiency standards in 2011 that will nearly double the fuel economy for cars and trucks by 2025.
Not exact matches
This conflict between
fuel efficiency, road use and tax revenue will only grow as Ottawa commits to tough
new fuel standards.
Trucking
Efficiency informed the government's
new, more - stringent
fuel economy and emissions
standards for heavy - duty trucks — estimated to save 1 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions and $ 170 billion in
fuel costs.
These ambitious but achievable
fuel efficiency standards for
new cars and small trucks are already working.
In the bipartisan 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, we increased
new fuel economy
standards for vehicles, along with other provisions to increase energy
efficiency, save drivers money, reduce pollution, and strengthen our security by making America less dependent on foreign oil.
«This is a victory for drivers who, by 2016, will get 35 miles per gallon, spend less on
fuel and send less of their dollars overseas,» Jackson said, although the
new rules still leave the U.S. behind Europe, Japan and China in terms of the timing or strength of
fuel efficiency standards.
New federal
fuel economy
standards will require automakers to improve fleet
efficiency to 54.5 mpg by 2025.
The
new two - mode hybrid system from General Motors, DaimlerChrysler and BMW boosts
fuel efficiency at both low and high speeds, improving combined mileage 25 percent over
standard models.
«Through
new fuel -
efficiency standards for trucks and buses, we will not only reduce transportation's environmental impact, we'll reduce the cost of transporting freight,» said U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood.
Thanks to the
new CAFE
standards and the rising
fuel prices in the US automakers are trying to figure out ways to increase
fuel efficiency but at the same time also preserve power.
2004 MODEL YEAR Full - time electric shift optional on Laramie and SLT Tow / haul mode offered on light - duty models with automatic transmission Flexible
fuel version of 4.7 - liter engine available to fleet customers Optional larger 34 - gallon
fuel tank on 1500 Quad Cab with
standard bed The 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 receives exhaust gas recirculation for improved
efficiency New exterior color: Deep Molten Red replaces Garnet Red New adjustable rear seat outboard head restraints standard on Quad Cab Chrome bodyside moldings standard for Laramie Chrome surround grille with chrome billet inserts for Laramie standard Body - color side moldings now standard with Sport appearance group Chrome - clad wheels now standard on Laramie New available navigation radio with 4.9 - inch full - color display, AM / FM stereo, CD player, 11 speakers, 240 - watt amplifier and DVD - based navigation system Satin Silver door and instrument panel bezels for Laramie Laramie model features new seat appearance, with unique leather seat design with high - contrast color seat inserts Laramie J Package (includes ash receiver, cup holder, vanity mirror lamps for driver and passenger, glove box lighting, switchable dome lamp and electrochromic rearview mirror) 2003 MODEL YEAR All - new 5.7 - liter HEMI V - 8 replaces 5.9 - liter 545RFE multi-speed automatic transmission available with 4.7 - liter and 5.7 - liter engines Optional rear window defogger (mid-year introduction) SLT Plus is rebadged as Laramie on regular and Quad Cab models with an extensive list of standard features New tow hooks standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab mod
New exterior color: Deep Molten Red replaces Garnet Red
New adjustable rear seat outboard head restraints standard on Quad Cab Chrome bodyside moldings standard for Laramie Chrome surround grille with chrome billet inserts for Laramie standard Body - color side moldings now standard with Sport appearance group Chrome - clad wheels now standard on Laramie New available navigation radio with 4.9 - inch full - color display, AM / FM stereo, CD player, 11 speakers, 240 - watt amplifier and DVD - based navigation system Satin Silver door and instrument panel bezels for Laramie Laramie model features new seat appearance, with unique leather seat design with high - contrast color seat inserts Laramie J Package (includes ash receiver, cup holder, vanity mirror lamps for driver and passenger, glove box lighting, switchable dome lamp and electrochromic rearview mirror) 2003 MODEL YEAR All - new 5.7 - liter HEMI V - 8 replaces 5.9 - liter 545RFE multi-speed automatic transmission available with 4.7 - liter and 5.7 - liter engines Optional rear window defogger (mid-year introduction) SLT Plus is rebadged as Laramie on regular and Quad Cab models with an extensive list of standard features New tow hooks standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab mod
New adjustable rear seat outboard head restraints
standard on Quad Cab Chrome bodyside moldings
standard for Laramie Chrome surround grille with chrome billet inserts for Laramie
standard Body - color side moldings now
standard with Sport appearance group Chrome - clad wheels now
standard on Laramie
New available navigation radio with 4.9 - inch full - color display, AM / FM stereo, CD player, 11 speakers, 240 - watt amplifier and DVD - based navigation system Satin Silver door and instrument panel bezels for Laramie Laramie model features new seat appearance, with unique leather seat design with high - contrast color seat inserts Laramie J Package (includes ash receiver, cup holder, vanity mirror lamps for driver and passenger, glove box lighting, switchable dome lamp and electrochromic rearview mirror) 2003 MODEL YEAR All - new 5.7 - liter HEMI V - 8 replaces 5.9 - liter 545RFE multi-speed automatic transmission available with 4.7 - liter and 5.7 - liter engines Optional rear window defogger (mid-year introduction) SLT Plus is rebadged as Laramie on regular and Quad Cab models with an extensive list of standard features New tow hooks standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab mod
New available navigation radio with 4.9 - inch full - color display, AM / FM stereo, CD player, 11 speakers, 240 - watt amplifier and DVD - based navigation system Satin Silver door and instrument panel bezels for Laramie Laramie model features
new seat appearance, with unique leather seat design with high - contrast color seat inserts Laramie J Package (includes ash receiver, cup holder, vanity mirror lamps for driver and passenger, glove box lighting, switchable dome lamp and electrochromic rearview mirror) 2003 MODEL YEAR All - new 5.7 - liter HEMI V - 8 replaces 5.9 - liter 545RFE multi-speed automatic transmission available with 4.7 - liter and 5.7 - liter engines Optional rear window defogger (mid-year introduction) SLT Plus is rebadged as Laramie on regular and Quad Cab models with an extensive list of standard features New tow hooks standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab mod
new seat appearance, with unique leather seat design with high - contrast color seat inserts Laramie J Package (includes ash receiver, cup holder, vanity mirror lamps for driver and passenger, glove box lighting, switchable dome lamp and electrochromic rearview mirror) 2003 MODEL YEAR All -
new 5.7 - liter HEMI V - 8 replaces 5.9 - liter 545RFE multi-speed automatic transmission available with 4.7 - liter and 5.7 - liter engines Optional rear window defogger (mid-year introduction) SLT Plus is rebadged as Laramie on regular and Quad Cab models with an extensive list of standard features New tow hooks standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab mod
new 5.7 - liter HEMI V - 8 replaces 5.9 - liter 545RFE multi-speed automatic transmission available with 4.7 - liter and 5.7 - liter engines Optional rear window defogger (mid-year introduction) SLT Plus is rebadged as Laramie on regular and Quad Cab models with an extensive list of
standard features
New tow hooks standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab mod
New tow hooks
standard on Laramie four - wheel drive, optional in Protection Group for four - wheel drive ST and SLT and optional with two - wheel drive ST, SLT and Laramie Adjustable pedals with manual transmission — Optional AM / FM stereo with six - disc in - dash CD — Optional Steering wheel - mounted audio controls are packaged with AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and CD player or an AM / FM stereo radio with cassette and six - disc in - dash CD changer — SLT; both equipped with 11 - speaker Infinity ® system Electronic throttle control on 5.7 - liter HEMI Magnum V - 8 engine Automatic locking retractor added to front passenger seat belt LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) added to regular and Quad Cab models
Jeep
Fuel Economy Challenge Fuel economy enthusiasts John and Helen Taylor recently drove a standard Jeep Compass and Patriot from London to Berlin on single tanks of fuel and then kept going, setting a new standard in fuel efficiency among S
Fuel Economy Challenge
Fuel economy enthusiasts John and Helen Taylor recently drove a standard Jeep Compass and Patriot from London to Berlin on single tanks of fuel and then kept going, setting a new standard in fuel efficiency among S
Fuel economy enthusiasts John and Helen Taylor recently drove a
standard Jeep Compass and Patriot from London to Berlin on single tanks of
fuel and then kept going, setting a new standard in fuel efficiency among S
fuel and then kept going, setting a
new standard in
fuel efficiency among S
fuel efficiency among SUVs.
Along with high gas prices and President Obamaâ $ ™ s
new fuel economy
standards (to reach a 54.5 mpg average for
new cars by 2025), a JD Power survey has shown that
fuel efficiency is a high - priority consumer concern.
And when connected to the Wrangler's
new five - speed automatic (a six - speed manual transmission is the
standard gearbox), the powertrain produces both better performance (zero - to - 60 times are improved by two to three seconds) and
fuel efficiency.
More specifically, the
new Focus lineup offers
standard power ratings of 160 horsepower and 146 pound - feet of torque, max power ratings of 350 horsepower and 350 pound - feet of torque, and max
fuel efficiency ratings of up to 30 city MPG and 42 highway MPG.
The
new Fiesta lineup, on the other hand, offers
standard power ratings of 120 horsepower and 112 pound - feet of torque, max power ratings of 197 horsepower and 202 pound - feet of torque, and max
fuel efficiency ratings of up to 27 city MPG and 35 highway MPG.
HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2012 AZERA • All -
new second generation Azera with Fluidic Sculpture design • Powered by a
new Lambda II 3.3 - liter Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine and in - house six - speed automatic transmission o Horsepower: 293 at 6400 RPM o Best - in - class combined 23 mpg o Better combined
fuel efficiency than Nissan Maxima, Ford Taurus, Lexus ES350 and Buick LaCrosse V6 o Best - in - class specific output • Nine
standard airbags — includes knee airbag • Impact - reducing front seat system • Standard VSM, ESC, TCS, ABS with Brake Assist and EBD • Best - in - class head and leg room for front - seat passengers • Standard 18 - inch alloy wheels and optional 19 - inch alloy wheels • HID Xenon headlights with LED accents • Segment - exclusive standard navigation system with rearview camera • Standard leather interior with heated front and rear seats • Bluetooth ® hands - free phone system with voice recognition • Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated fro
standard airbags — includes knee airbag • Impact - reducing front seat system •
Standard VSM, ESC, TCS, ABS with Brake Assist and EBD • Best - in - class head and leg room for front - seat passengers • Standard 18 - inch alloy wheels and optional 19 - inch alloy wheels • HID Xenon headlights with LED accents • Segment - exclusive standard navigation system with rearview camera • Standard leather interior with heated front and rear seats • Bluetooth ® hands - free phone system with voice recognition • Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated fro
Standard VSM, ESC, TCS, ABS with Brake Assist and EBD • Best - in - class head and leg room for front - seat passengers •
Standard 18 - inch alloy wheels and optional 19 - inch alloy wheels • HID Xenon headlights with LED accents • Segment - exclusive standard navigation system with rearview camera • Standard leather interior with heated front and rear seats • Bluetooth ® hands - free phone system with voice recognition • Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated fro
Standard 18 - inch alloy wheels and optional 19 - inch alloy wheels • HID Xenon headlights with LED accents • Segment - exclusive
standard navigation system with rearview camera • Standard leather interior with heated front and rear seats • Bluetooth ® hands - free phone system with voice recognition • Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated fro
standard navigation system with rearview camera •
Standard leather interior with heated front and rear seats • Bluetooth ® hands - free phone system with voice recognition • Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated fro
Standard leather interior with heated front and rear seats • Bluetooth ® hands - free phone system with voice recognition •
Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated fro
Standard Blue Link telematics platform • Segment - first manual side window sunshades • Ventilated front seats
A
new fuel -
efficiency package,
standard equipment on diesel models, further helps bolster
efficiency by incorporating active grille shutters that reduce aerodynamic drag at cruising speeds.
Thanks to extensive aerodynamic improvements (such as air inlet openings in front, modified door mirror caps,
new wheel spoiler), tyres optimised for low rolling resistance and
standard 8 - speed automatic gearbox optimised for low friction, Volkswagen was able to improve the
fuel efficiency of the Touareg by up to six per cent (V6 TDI with 150 kW).
There's an all -
new standard eight - speed transmission with rotary shifter that improves
fuel efficiency up to 9 percent and enhances Durango's fun - to - drive DNA, as well as best - in - class V - 6 driving range of more than 600 miles on a tank of
fuel.
The 488 Spider, like the 488 GTB coupe, houses a
new turbocharged 3.9 - liter dual - overhead cam V8, as the company tries to meet
fuel -
efficiency and carbon
standards via boost and decreased displacement.
Variable valve - timing, in a broad array of forms, has become almost a
standard feature in
new engines, helping them achieve both greater
fuel efficiency and more power across the engine speed range.
•
New generation of engines with MINI TwinPower Turbo Technology; three model variants available as of market launch: MINI Cooper with 100 kW / 136 bhp 3 - cylinder engine, MINI Cooper S with 141 kW / 192 bhp 4 - cylinder petrol engine and MINI Cooper D with 3 - cylinder diesel engine (85 kW / 116 bhp); expansion of the model program to include the entry - level variants MINI One D (3 - cylinder diesel engine, 70 kW / 95 bhp) and MINI One (3 - cylinder spark - ignition engine, 75 kW / 102 bhp); 6 - speed manual transmission as
standard, with optional 6 - speed automatic transmission or sports automatic transmission, also newly developed; extensive MINIMALISM technology including automatic engine start / stop function likewise in conjunction with automatic transmission and optional GREEN mode; improved driving performance figures and reduced
fuel consumption; biggest
efficiency advance in the MINI Cooper with automatic transmission: acceleration from zero to 100 km / h 2.6 seconds faster, average
fuel consumption 27 per cent lower; lowest
fuel consumption and CO2 levels in the MINI Cooper D: 3.5 — 3.6 litres / 100 km, 92 — 95 g / km (EU test cycle figures, dependent on tyre format selected).
It was upgraded to include a
standard stop / start system as part of a push to give the
new model added
fuel efficiency.
The
New Ford Fiesta is here with a
fuel efficiency of 17 km / L (petrol) and 23.5 km / L (diesel) as per ARAI (Automotive Research Association of India), advanced Bluetooth voice control, electronic power assisted steering (EPAS), cruise control, low NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness), climate control, and
standard safety features and last but not the least the kinetic design.
Drivers can choose between the
standard 1.4 - liter ECOTEC ® DOHC turbocharged four - cylinder engine, which delivers 153 horsepower, or the
new 1.6 - liter ECOTEC ® DOHC turbo diesel four - cylinder engine, which sacrifices only a small amount of horsepower for added
fuel efficiency.
Deploying the AMG SPEEDSHIFT MCT 7 - speed sports transmission with «Controlled
Efficiency» mode as
standard and a
new power steering pump reduces
fuel consumption: the combined NEDC figure for the C 63 AMG coupé is 12L / 100 km.
Called the «XD» and launched with a
standard Cummins ® 5.0 L V8 Turbo Diesel engine, the
new TITAN XD offered some of the effortless towing and hauling of the larger, more expensive heavy - duty trucks — including an available maximum towing capacity of 12,640 pounds and maximum payload capacity of 2,420 pounds (when properly equipped)-- yet with
fuel -
efficiency and affordability closer to a half - ton pickup.
Both the Atlantic and Pacific package «Vettes are available with an all -
new eight - speed automatic transmission (with steering wheel mounted paddle shifters, of course) that is designed to optimize
fuel efficiency but a seven - speed manual is
standard equipment.
Features better handling, increased power, improved
fuel efficiency, additional
standard equipment, more refinement and
new technologies that help drivers reduce accident risks.
In addition to bumping up their power per liter output, DI increases
fuel efficiency and, along with the newly optimized
standard 7 - speed automatic transmission (the 7G - tronic plus), the
new Cs consume anywhere from 5 to 15 percent less
fuel than their predecessors.
Class - exclusive TorqueFlite eight - speed automatic transmission balances V - 8 performance with segment - leading 31 mpg highway
fuel efficiency Once limited to sedans costing twice as much, the
new 2015 Chrysler 300 now offers the innovative TorqueFlite eight - speed automatic transmission
standard on every model.
New 2015 Chrysler 300 rear - wheel drive (RWD) or AWD models with the 292 horsepower (300 horsepower on 300S model) 3.6 - liter Pentastar V - 6 engine continue to use the TorqueFlite eight - speed transmission
standard, offering class - leading
fuel efficiency with respect to:
A
new, 36 - gallon (136 L)
fuel tank is
standard on all models and, with the improved
fuel efficiency of the powertrains, enables a cruising range of about 680 miles (1,090 km) with the Duramax 6.6 L. Cold - weather customers will appreciate the Duramax 6.6 L's quick, reliable start - up, with a starting time on par with gas engines.
An all -
new, advanced 2.7 L Turbo engine that replaces the 4.3 L V - 6 as the
standard engine on the high - volume Silverado LT and
new Silverado RST, expected to offer 22 percent more torque, greater
fuel efficiency and a stronger power - to - weight ratio than the current model.
Standard Fuel Saver Technology and a new - for - 2012 active valve exhaust system allows four - cylinder operation to engage over a wider rpm range, to deliver both improved fuel efficiency — an estimated 13 - percent increase on the highway — and an extended range of approximately 450 miles on one tank of
Fuel Saver Technology and a
new - for - 2012 active valve exhaust system allows four - cylinder operation to engage over a wider rpm range, to deliver both improved
fuel efficiency — an estimated 13 - percent increase on the highway — and an extended range of approximately 450 miles on one tank of
fuel efficiency — an estimated 13 - percent increase on the highway — and an extended range of approximately 450 miles on one tank of gas.
Volkswagen has demonstrated that the Golf stands more than ever for a democratisation of progress and for perfection in every detail: with added space;
new pioneering safety systems such as the multi-collision brake system and advanced
fuel efficiency measures such as BlueMotion Technology as
standard.
Thanks to Chevy's advancements in
fuel efficiency, the Cruze's
new, lighter 1.4 - liter,
standard turbocharged aluminum ECOTEC ® four - cylinder engine pairing with a
new 6 - speed automatic transmission cranks out a lively 153 - hp and 177 lb. - ft.
The common denominator — the symmetrical nature of the drivetrain layout — ensures direct power delivery, optimum
fuel efficiency and
new standards of handling.
And these investments will help businesses develop
new technologies that vehicle makers can use to meet higher
fuel efficiency standards.
However, if some (or many) of these efforts have some smoke - and - mirror aspect to them, or if they become the seemingly easy «solution du jour» and allow us to think that we can avoid larger solutions (
fuel efficiency standards; carbon tax, or firm carbon cap combined with a robust and regulated carbon credit trading mechanism; substantial investments in
new energy technologies; energy conservation; etc.), their net impact can be more damaging than beneficial.
The top priorities of environmental groups have for 20 years been higher
fuel economy
standards,
new efficiency regulations, renewable portfolio
standards, and greenhouse gas limits.
In a story about the weakening of
fuel efficiency standards Fast Company quotes Don Anair, research and deputy director for the clean vehicles program at UCS who explains that the
new standards would increase emissions and lower requirements in the future.
The Obama administration has an opportunity to propose strong
efficiency standards for medium and heavy duty vehicles that can reduce
new truck
fuel consumption 40 percent by 2025.
The transportation sector has eclipsed power plants as the biggest source of US carbon emissions, and EPA calculated in 2010 that the tougher
fuel -
efficiency standards would prevent more than one year's worth of total US carbon emissions over the lifetime of
new vehicles sold from 2012 through 2025.
Moreover, shipping
fuel costs already comprise about half of operating costs, and
efficiency standards for
new large ships took effect last year.
It will be important to watch how these
new leaders and their policy decisions affect environmental protections, such as ozone and methane emissions
standards, renewable energy
fuel and energy
efficiency standards and the clean water rule.
In order to achieve the target set by the Paris Agreement --- to limit the rise in global average temperature to below the 2 degree C threshold — all
new construction must be designed to high energy
efficiency standards and use no CO2 - emitting fossil
fuel energy to operate; by 2050 the entire built environment must be carbon neutral.