Sentences with phrase «new genes arise»

How do new genes arise?

In addition, new genes arise regularly, although the number of genes in a particular organism does not seem to increase.

When a new gene arises on the X chromosome (males have one X chromosome and females two) it is likely to cease functioning much faster than genes that arise on other chromosomes.

Not exact matches

Second, new polymorphisms that arose in one group were less likely to be transmitted to other groups as gene flow was restricted.

With respect to antibiotic resistance, this novelty can be induced and we can trace the novelty to particular mutations arising absent gene transfer; i.e. the genes which give rise the resistance were not present prior to the mutation, they are new sequences and not simply the activation of dormant genes.

In this cycle, new gene copies often arise by gene duplication, with the copies persisting or adapting into new roles within the genome for varying lengths of time, or dying off and being lost randomly.

Dutch researchers say the new strain arose when the bacterium that usually causes cholera borrowed genes from a normally harmless strain.

In 1996, Gregory Wray of the State University of New York, Stony Brook, and his colleagues shook up these assumptions when they published a paper in Science (25 October 1996, p. 568) that — by averaging the mutation rates of eight genes shared by animals and nonanimals — estimated that animals arose about 1 billion to 1.2 billion years ago.

New insights into specific gene mutations that arise in this often deadly form of brain cancer have pointed to the potential of gene therapy, but it's very difficult to effectively deliver toxic or missing genes to cancer cells in the brain.

New gene variants have arisen and spread among humans in the recent past.

As subpopulations moved into isolated areas, how did they remain isolated over a long enough time for new species - defining traits to arise in nuclear genes and become enriched by natural selection to permit speciation?

That surprisingly low number suggested the evolution of new species was accompanied by rapid turnover of the venom genes, with old genes being abandoned and new ones with novel venom functions suddenly arising.

Browning and colleagues have now sequenced the new viruses and found that in each case they arose when the European vaccine strain acquired genes from the Australian vaccine viruses.

The new dependency data complement the Dependency Map team's ongoing efforts to use functional genomic technologies like CRISPR and RNA interference (RNAi) to locate vulnerabilities that arise within cancer cells as they compensate for the loss of critical genes due to mutations or expression changes.

New coding genes can arise in genomes through several processes, including gene duplication, gene fusion, de novo formation from non-coding DNA, or lateral gene transfer (LGT) from another species.