They then genotyped each sample to determine how the strains were related, and used previous datasets to compare this data and integrate the results in
a new phylogenetic tree with other M. bovis found throughout Africa.
To better understand how frogs evolved, scientists created
a new phylogenetic tree — a branching diagram of evolutionary relationships — using data from hundreds of frog genomes.
Not exact matches
The team combined the
new fossil evidence with previously collected genetic data from living birds to update the
phylogenetic tree of bird evolution.
A family
tree, also known as a
phylogenetic tree, uses DNA to show how
new species have evolved over time.
The researchers then produced a
phylogenetic tree and analyzed «conflicts» in it; formation of
new baleen species, they conclude, occurred not via classical Darwinian patterns but instead by a more gradual process.
First, they looked at Colless's index of
phylogenetic tree imbalance, which indicates whether the distribution of
new discoveries throughout a family
tree is random or biased.
«Previously,
phylogenetic trees were constructed from standard sets of genes and were used to identify the relationships of species,» said Gloria Coruzzi, a professor in
New York University's Center for Genomics and Systems Biology and the principal investigator of the NSF grant.
Some of these genomes were even found to merit a
new phylogenetic classification — a whole
new branch of bacteria in the family
tree of life — named PER or Peregrine.
Paleontologist Michael Benton of the University of Bristol, commenting on the
new paper, told Discovery News, «This is a very exciting
new find from the pre-Archaeopteryx Tiaojishan Formation of China, and it appears to stabilize the
phylogenetic tree.»