Sentences with phrase «nitrogen atoms in»

To make it even more clear: I kept repeating that:» during the day, in the upper atmosphere — one CO2 molecule can not pas heat to another — BECAUSE THERE ARE THOUSANDS OF oxygen & nitrogen atoms IN - BETWEEN, as perfect insulators.

The carbon 14 is formed when cosmic rays strike nitrogen atoms in the air.

In this experiment, Budker, Folman and their colleagues bombarded a synthetic diamond with nitrogen atoms to knock out carbon atoms, leaving holes in some places and nitrogen atoms in others.

Fixing nitrogen means breaking a tenacious triple bond that holds nitrogen atoms in pairs in the atmosphere and joining a single nitrogen to a molecule that is easier for living things to use.

Not exact matches

These acids in turn are merely complex chains of atoms (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen).

Two experimenters, the late Lord Rayleigh and the late Sir William Ramsay, found that if they obtained nitrogen by two different methods, each equally effective for that purpose, they always observed a persistent slight difference between the average weights of the atoms in the two cases.

There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.

The isotope has a half - life of approximately 5,600 years, which means that during this period, half the number of radioactive carbon atoms in any once - living substance will convert to nitrogen.

Like hydrogen, oxygen, and iodine, nitrogen normally exists as two - atom molecules in the form of a gas at room temperature.

The atomic size and structure of nitrogen make it an excellent choice for this purpose because it can fit naturally into a strong network of carbon atoms by creating bonds (sp2) in which electrons are shared by the whole network.

Two nitrogen atoms combine to form N2 molecules that stay in the atmosphere for millions of years.

In parallel work, Mikhail Eremets of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Germany found a novel bond between atoms of nitrogen, the most common element in Earth's atmospherIn parallel work, Mikhail Eremets of the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Germany found a novel bond between atoms of nitrogen, the most common element in Earth's atmospherin Germany found a novel bond between atoms of nitrogen, the most common element in Earth's atmospherin Earth's atmosphere.

The zirconium sapped the loyalty of the electrons bonding the nitrogen pairs, weakening the link between the two atoms and letting hydrogen weasel in and latch onto the nitrogen.

Fixation processes free up nitrogen atoms from their diatomic form to be used in other ways, but nitrogen does not easily react with other chemicals to form new compounds.

Carbon atoms are shown in grey, hydrogen in white, nitrogen in red, fluorine in light blue and chlorine in green.

Baking that at 750 degrees Celsius (1,382 degrees Fahrenheit) in the presence of nitrogen and hydrogen gas reduced the graphene and locked nitrogen atoms to the surface, providing sites where ruthenium atoms could bind.

«Those electrons are driven into the upper atmosphere, collide with nitrogen and oxygen atoms and molecules, and then create a spray of secondary and tertiary radiation, likely in the form of gamma rays,» Tobiska says.

According to Bocquet: «If you examine the quasi-free-standing graphene, you will find a nitrogen atom underneath the graphene coat in some places.

In this case, doping refers to introducing nitrogen atoms into the carbon structure of graphene.

This results in defects in the lattice structure: some few carbon atoms — fewer than 1 % — separate from the lattice and are replaced with nitrogen atoms, which bring along additional electrons.

The nitrogen - vacancy (NV) center is a defect in the atomic structure of a diamond where one carbon atom in the diamond lattice is replaced by a nitrogen atom, and an adjacent site in the lattice is vacant.

A nitrogen - vacancy center is an atomic - scale defect formed in the diamond lattice by substituting a nitrogen atom for a carbon atom and creating a neighboring void in the crystal lattice.

Hexagonal boron nitride, stacked layers of boron and nitrogen atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, has recently been found to bend electromagnetic energy in unusual and potentially useful ways.

In a paper published online today (July 22) in the journal Science Advances, Terrones and colleagues revealed that adding nitrogen atoms to the pristine graphene further enhances sensitivity and, importantly, they gave a theoretical explanation for how graphene and N - doped graphene cause the enhancemenIn a paper published online today (July 22) in the journal Science Advances, Terrones and colleagues revealed that adding nitrogen atoms to the pristine graphene further enhances sensitivity and, importantly, they gave a theoretical explanation for how graphene and N - doped graphene cause the enhancemenin the journal Science Advances, Terrones and colleagues revealed that adding nitrogen atoms to the pristine graphene further enhances sensitivity and, importantly, they gave a theoretical explanation for how graphene and N - doped graphene cause the enhancement.

This is how the identification of smallest magnetic fields with diamond sensors works: in the tiny diamond tip, two adjacent carbon atoms are being removed and one of the resulting vacancies is replaced by a nitrogen atom.

On a yellow pad, Blackwell draws a portrait for me of a prototypical quorum - sensing signal molecule: a ring of carbon atoms attached to some hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms, trailing off in a long tail composed of more carbon atoms.

In air, nitrogen exists as a molecule made of two atoms stuck together by an incredibly strong triple bond.

After breaking away from the molecule in the strong laser field, the electron returned and was scattered on a molecular ion, which resulted in the molecule dissociation into a positive nitrogen ion and an oxygen atom.

In the study the researchers have modified the graphene by replacing some of the carbon atoms by nitrogen atoms.

They then heated the crystal to force the holes, called vacancies, to move around and pair with nitrogen atoms, resulting in diamonds with so - called nitrogen - vacancy centers.

The key to the whole design is the added nitrogen atom together with a neighboring vacancy in the crystal structure.

BOND OF LIFE A link between nitrogen and sulfur atoms (bond shown in green) helps hold together protein strands (yellow and white) that create a cellular scaffold essential for tissue and organ formation.

They are particularly good at identifying the position of light atoms such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon and nitrogen in samples.

«The presence of nitrogen and carbon atoms in the vicinity of the catalytic molybdenum center facilitates the production of hydrogen from water,» Muckerman said.

David Hambling says: «In molecular nitrogen, two atoms are connected by a triple bond that releases a load of energy...

The rise of multicellular structures in animals may have hinged on a chemical link between sulfur and nitrogen atoms.

Fischer tackled a problem that had stumped scientists for decades: how the oxygen, nitrogen, iron, and chlorine atoms in a hemin molecule are arranged.

Disrupted oscillations The researchers focused on nitrogen — vacancy (NV) centers, imperfections in diamond that arise where an atom of nitrogen and an empty space replace carbon atoms at two neighboring spots in the crystal lattice.

When a nitrogen atom replaces a carbon in the crystal structure of diamond, it creates a nitrogen - vacancy center, which can store information that is written and read out using light.

Some of these light - element nuclei also might be produced by cosmic rays shattering atoms of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and other elements in the interstellar medium.

In most zeolite catalysts, nitric oxide is essentially a barbell combining a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom.

In addition, they are examining cyanide, a carbon and nitrogen atom combination that could provide new insights into that pseudo-atom's behavior.

Above this mass, in the upper main sequence, the nuclear fusion process can instead use atoms of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen as intermediaries in the production of helium from hydrogen atoms.

Makemake is very much a Pluto analog — it has both methane and nitrogen detected on the surface, but unlike Pluto there is less nitrogen, so more methane atoms are in contact with each other.

Similarly, in the oxazole series, compound 153 was only moderately active (IC50 = 2.83 μM), whereas substitution at carbon adjacent to the nitrogen atom resulted in a potent compound 154 (IC50 = 7.2 nM).

Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Heriot - Watt University in Scotland put the tetrahedral ammonium radical, made from a nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms, on the electronegativity scale.

Taken together, these results suggest that there is a considerable structural nitrogen atom redundancy in plerixafor, not all amino groups are necessary for activity, and the consistence of the overall charge at physiological pH does not directly affect potency.

Nitrogen, in the form of nitric oxide (one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom), has been detected for the first time on the surface of Mars by a team of researchers using the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite aboard NASA's Curiosity rover, adding to the growing speculation that life could have once flourished on ancient Mars.

In the ionosphere, the ions of the solar wind collide with atoms of oxygen and nitrogen from the Earth's atmosphere.

Reddish and bluish light that often appears in the lower fringes of auroras is produced by ions striking atoms of nitrogen.