The nitrogen content in the crops is reduced in atmospheres with raised carbon dioxide levels in all three ecosystem types.
Reduced
nitrogen content in atmospheres with raised carbon dioxide has previously been attributed to a kind of dilutive effect, in which nitrogen absorption fails to keep pace with the increase in plants» photosynthesis and growth.
Overall, the average
nitrogen content in the shells and soft tissue was comparable to that found in previous studies ranging from Cape Cod to the Gulf of Mexico.
Not exact matches
Organic producers can choose from several pelleted organic fertilizer materials that vary
in nitrogen content and price.
Meat industry wastewater may also have a high
content of
nitrogen (from blood) and phosphorus,
in addition to pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses and bacteria, and parasite eggs (not to mention disinfectants and detergents may enter the wastewater stream during facility - cleaning activities, including acid, alkaline, liquid paraffin and neutral compounds)
I'm wondering what my next step should be... should I opt for something heavy
in nitrogen such as fish emulsion, something midrange
in nitrogen content, or continue with the existing fertilizer?
As shown
in previous studies, the litter from the polluted site, which had endured high levels of atmospheric
nitrogen oxides and ozone, had higher
nitrogen content than litter from the clean site.
The highest
nitrogen content, around 2.6 per cent of dry weight, occurs
in heather
in eastern England, where the average annual fallout of
nitrogen is 30 - 40 kilograms per hectare, six times greater than
in the relatively unpolluted northwest of Scotland (Environmental Pollution, vol 88, p 193).
The paper «Seasonal ITCZ migration dynamically controls the location of the (sub) tropical Atlantic biogeochemical divide» highlights how dust blowing off Africa's deserts amplify surface levels of iron
in the Atlantic that
in turn control the spatial activity of
nitrogen gas fixing phytoplankton and phosphate
content in the Tropical Atlantic.
Researchers led by Carol Pitcairn of the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology
in Penicuik, near Edinburgh, have studied the
nitrogen content of British sphagnum mosses and heather collected over the past forty years, and correlated these fignres with measurements of the local fallout of
nitrogen - containing compounds.
To evaluate any wetland's efficacy
in cleaning polluted water, extensive monitoring equipment must quantify the water flow, its incoming and outgoing nitrate
content, and the amount of
nitrogen stripping occurring.
It breaks down slowly, fertilizing the plants with a generous
nitrogen content of a whopping 17 percent compared with the 6 percent
nitrogen in commercial turf products.
From 1990 to 2010, the
nitrogen isotope record indicates that oxygen
content steadily decreased
in the area, as expected.
The team found that the degree of
nitrogen pollution, which is worsening
in urban areas, can be evaluated by analyzing the
nitrogen content and the stable isotope ratio
in bryophytes.
She checked the historical records and
in 2011 began surveying the Mara River annually, measuring the carbon, phosphorus, and
nitrogen content of carcasses; counting the numbers of scavengers; testing water quality; and capturing fish for chemical analyses of the sources of their nutrients.
«With the first method, we measured the
nitrogen content and by measuring the relationship between the two isotopes of
nitrogen, N15 and N14, we could reconstruct the thickness of the compressed snow 19,000 years back
in time,» explains Vasileios Gkinis.
The team tested a wide variety of sources of biomass — leaves, stems, flowers, seeds, and legumes — with particular interest
in those with high protein
content because the amino acids that make up proteins are a rich source of
nitrogen.
Possible mechanisms include (iv) fertilization of phytoplankton growth
in the Southern Ocean by increased deposition of iron - containing dust from the atmosphere after being carried by winds from colder, drier continental areas, and a subsequent redistribution of limiting nutrients; (v) an increase
in the whole ocean nutrient
content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or
nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase
in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated
in organic material, resulting
in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient exported.
At the same time it increases the
content of Thiol
in the skeletal muscle neutralising various
nitrogen - based radicals.
The significantly higher protein
content was modestly offset by slightly more calories
in the control phase, which reduces the amount of protein required to maintain
nitrogen balance.
Scientific assays have shown large differences
in vitamin and mineral
content between foods grown with
nitrogen fertilizers and food grown organically.
Wheat for example is often grown with high
nitrogen fertiliser
in poorer soils because it is paid for by the protein
content.
One measured fluid, electrolyte, and renal indices of hydration over eleven days of caffeine consumption
in human subjects, finding that doses of up to 6 mg caffeine per kilogram of body weight had no effect on body mass, urine osmolality (urine concentration), urine specific gravity (concentration of excreted materials
in urine), urine color, urine volume, sodium excretion, potassium secretion, creatinine
content, blood urea
nitrogen (forms when protein breaks down), and serum levels of sodium and potassium.
In general, when energy intake is sufficient to meet energy demand, increasing the protein
content of the diet imparts no added influence on
nitrogen retention (12).
Considering its teenaged protagonists, Clockstoppers comes
in surprisingly short on
content issues, even though adolescents and crooks employ
nitrogen - shooting guns to slow down hyper - travelers.
In this popular PADI course you'll learn why diving with air that has higher oxygen and lower
nitrogen content gives you more bottom time, along with enriched air equipment considerations.
These include CO2 concentrations (which generally mediate a positive influence), temperature increases (beneficial to some crops
in some regions and harmful elsewhere), increases
in droughts, flash floods, weeds, and insect infestations (all harmful), as well as drains on the availability of soil
nitrogen needed for the protein
content of food crops.
Elevated atmospheric CO2 is associated with decreased plant
nitrogen concentration, and therefore decreased protein,
in many crops, such as barley, sorghum, and soy.210, 211,212,213 The nutrient
content of crops is also projected to decline if soil
nitrogen levels are suboptimal, with reduced levels of nutrients such as calcium, iron, zinc, vitamins, and sugars, although this effect is alleviated if sufficient
nitrogen is supplied.214 Fourth, farmers are expected to need to use more herbicides and pesticides because of increased growth of pests215, 216,217,218 and weeds219, 220 as well as decreased effectiveness221 and duration222of some of these chemicals (Ch.
Farmers
in a climate - smart village
in Bihar use the leaf colour chart to judge the
nitrogen content required for crops.
Zhaozhong Feng, of the Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, and colleagues looked at the results of eight experiments
in four continents on crops, grasslands and forests, and found that as carbon dioxide levels go up, the
nitrogen content of the crop is lowered.
Clay
content and initial organic matter
content are the main factors
in the determination of new equilibrium levels of carbon and
nitrogen in the soil.
Soil analysis
in 1990 suggested that
nitrogen fertilizer application since 1967 had increased the organic carbon
content in the surface soil layer by about 3 t / ha
in a continuous wheat cropping system.
Scientific confidence of the occurrence of climate change include, for example, that over at least the last 50 years there have been increases
in the atmospheric concentration of CO2; increased
nitrogen and soot (black carbon) deposition; changes
in the surface heat and moisture fluxes over land; increases
in lower tropospheric and upper ocean temperatures and ocean heat
content; the elevation of sea level; and a large decrease
in summer Arctic sea ice coverage and a modest increase
in Antarctic sea ice coverage.
«This year I am using favas as «green fertilizer» — they increase
nitrogen content naturally by letting them grow — doing their brilliant N - fixing job all fall and winter, then I hoe them under before planting my beds
in February.»
Adding leaves to compost effectively increases
nitrogen content and creates a valuable natural fertilizer that can be used
in the spring.