Sentences with phrase «nitrogen emission as»

Light emitted by oxygen is shown as blue, hydrogen emission is shown as green, and nitrogen emission as red light.

Not exact matches

As the world began to learn in September, when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a shocking «notice of violation,» the vehicles met emissions standards for dangerous oxides of nitrogen, known collectively as NOx, only when running their paces in an artificial, indoor lab settinAs the world began to learn in September, when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a shocking «notice of violation,» the vehicles met emissions standards for dangerous oxides of nitrogen, known collectively as NOx, only when running their paces in an artificial, indoor lab settinas NOx, only when running their paces in an artificial, indoor lab setting.

As a result testers got one outcome — a diesel - powered car that met all the EPA's emissions requirements — while VW owners got another: a more powerful vehicle that spewed out up to 35 times more nitrogen oxide, an air pollutant, than standards allow.

The world's food security would be ensured even with over 9 billion people in 2050, agricultural land area would not increase, greenhouse gas emissions would be lowered and the negative effects of today's intensive food systems, such as nitrogen surplus and high pesticide exposure, would be greatly reduced.

Global agricultural emissions of the gas have increased by 20 per cent in the last century as a result of widespread use of nitrogen - based synthetic fertilizers.

Pea crops require very little nitrogen fertilizer as a result, which reduces energy cost and greenhouse emissions.

«These effects include wasted resources, foregone revenue and outsized emissions of carbon dioxide as well as local pollutants such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.

When hydrocarbon - based fuels like methane are burned in normal air, nitrogen gets mixed in with the combustion product — flue gases from conventional gas power stations contain as little as 3 percent CO2 — which makes scrubbing carbon from power plant emissions difficult and expensive.

California's vast agricultural lands — particularly soils heavily treated with nitrogen fertilizers — are now responsible for as much as 51 percent of total NOx emissions across the state, researchers report January 31 in Science Advances.

The precursors of acid rain formation result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes and decaying vegetation, and human - made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide resulting from fossil fuel combustion.

Emissions decreased as the proportion of soybeans in the diet increased, as soybeans require less nitrogen fertilization than corn grain.

Emissions of nitrogen compounds, however, have not fallen as steeply.

The emissions will escalate as nitrogen trifluoride's use increases.

Heavy - duty vehicles, such as commercial trucks and buses, were found to be, by far, the largest contributor of emissions, accounting for 76 percent of the total excess nitrogen oxide emissions.

I criticized this statement, noting that the actual emissions from U.S. coal - burning power plants declined only from 16.1 million tons to 12.4 million tons between 1980 and 1998 in the case of sulfur dioxide and from 6.1 million tons to 5.4 million tons between 1980 and 1998 in the case of nitrogen oxides (mostly emitted as NO, not NO2, but by convention measured as tons of NO2 - equivalent).

The policy document also set new targets for the closure of coal - fired heating systems as well as the installation of equipment to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions at power stations, steel mills and cement plants.

Resource - conserving cropping practices from WHEAT, such as more targeted use of nitrogen fertilizers or sowing wheat into untilled soils and crop residues, can raise wheat farmers» incomes while curbing greenhouse gas emissions, if widely adopted, he added.

ref A key strategy to address ocean acidification is reinforcing existing environmental laws (e.g., U.S. Clean Water Act) to: limit runoff and associated pollutants, control coastal erosion, and enforce emission limits for pollutants such as nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide.

But the courts haven't always struck down EPA emissions trading programs — such as the trading program for nitrogen oxides — and when they have disqualified programs, it was either because agencies failed to follow proper procedure (as was the case with a Bush - era mercury rule that eased requirements on power plants) or because specific statutory goals were not followed (as was the case in the Clean Air Interstate Rule, which wouldn't have necessarily reduced all interstate pollution).

The EPA has found that the defeat devices allowed real - world emissions for nitrogen oxide, a pollutant that's been linked to asthma and other respiratory problems, to reach as high as 40 times the legal limit under the Clean Air Act.

All the engines will have reduced nitrogen dioxide emissions as they will be fitted with AdBlue tanks.

However, the diesel won't cross the pond in the same specification available in Europe, as the SkyActiv - D powerplant has to be tweaked to meet the more stringent U.S. regulations for nitrogen oxide emissions.

For the past ten years the plant has been operating without the level of emissions controls to limit sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions as stipulated in the Clean Air Act.

A series of 37 «eco-billboards» touting the fact that the Mirai's «only emission is water» (at least at the proverbial tailpipe, as there are definitely emissions other than water associated with hydrogen fuel cells and any new car) will be installed with Clear Channel Outdoor Americas, and these billboards are said to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the air.

For example, just as you can buy, sell and trade the rights to emit sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the US, the EU's Emissions Trading Scheme (EU - ETS) lets you do the same for carbon dioxide.

Here in Arizona, the EPA is proposing to reduce harmful nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from the Navajo Generating Station (NGS), a coal plant that is one of the largest sources of NOx emissions in the U.S. as well as from the Apache, Coronado, Sundt, and Cholla generating stations.

These include a significant investment in refining infrastructure and technology to manufacture clean fuels, as well as projects to monitor and reduce nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and greenhouse gas emissions, and expenditures for asset retirement obligations.

Using business - as - usual scenarios for reactive nitrogen creation and CO2 emissions, several projections suggest that O3 - related human mortality and crop damage will rise sharply in the next few decades, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where rising temperatures and rising NOx concentrations will interact synergistically to produce more O3.

Other new techniques of applying nitrogen fertilizers, such as nesting the nitrogen fertilizer, may in future also become common, and their nitrous oxide emissions will need to be measured.

A study this January showed that global industrial nitrogen oxide emissions declined from 2005 to 2014, even as farm emissions boomed.

Sustained harvesting of any biomass will require large inputs of nitrogen and other fertilizers; nitrogen fertilizer is a major cause of biodiversity decline and increasingly N2O emissions are recognized as a major contributor to climate change.

But China also emits a significant amount of GHGs besides carbon dioxide — methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen trifluoride — collectively referred to as non-CO2 GHG emissions.

The traffic - related nitrogen oxide emissions in the Federal Republic of Germany have fallen sharply since the introduction of the emission limitation for road traffic in 1960 up until today and a further reduction by a total of 86 % in maximum emissions is expected in the future as well [58].

And fewer emissions of pollutants like nitrogen dioxide as well.

The $ 30 million overhaul was made without installing, as required under the New Source Review requirements of the Clean Air Act, the best available technology to minimize emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides — pollutants that harm human health by contributing to heart attacks, breathing problems, and other health problems, the suit alleges.

The reliability of supply provided by our nation's network of storage and distribution facilities has contributed to the increased use of natural gas in many sectors of the U.S. economy, which has led to reductions in air emissions — ranging from criteria pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, to greenhouse gases.

Backed by 20 countries — and predictably, opposed by countries that still rely heavily on coal (Figure 1)-- the BREF includes new emission limits, expressed as wide, ambiguous ranges, for sulfur dioxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), mercury, and particulate matter.

Corn is among the most intensive uses of fertilizer, both per acre and in total use, and represents a significant opportunity for nitrogen use efficiencies that could reduce emissions as well as farmers» input costs while maintaining yields.

We used the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) detailed CMAQ model to project emissions for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides to calculate changes in air quality under each scenario in 2020 compared to business as usual.

And an analysis done by the EPA in 2017 showed that Fitzgerald's trucks emitted 43 times as much nitrogen oxide as trucks that comply with modern emissions standards.

California environmental goals include reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 40 % from 1990 levels by 2030 and by 80 % by 2050, as well as reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and other health - harming pollutants in areas of the state with the highest levels of air pollution by 2032.

95 The case for crop - based biofuels was further undermined when a team led by Paul Crutzen, a Nobel Prize — winning chemist at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Germany, concluded that emissions of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, from the synthetic nitrogen fertilizer used to grow crops such as corn and rapeseed for biofuel production can negate any net reductions of CO2 emissions from replacing fossil fuels with biofuels, thus making biofuels a threat to climate stability.

The biology of ground just reverts to penalty per nitrogen, yet the technology of modern farming removes most of the Nitrogen emissions as does the reformulation of the fertilizer.

Those truths of the historic situations regarding CFCs and the ozone hole, tobacco and cancers, and sulfur and nitrogen emissions and acid rain bear repeating over and over in contact with the media as an opening gambit in countering the usual septic memes.

On the contrary, the measures needed to curb China's smog of life - threatening pollutants such as nitrogen and sulphur oxides — scrubbers on power plants, for example — actually increase CO2 emissions.

While the EPA has, under the Clean Air Act put federal limits on toxic emissions of arsenic, mercury, and lead pollution that power plants emit — as well as on pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides — there are currently no such limits on the carbon emissions from new or existing power plants.

Annual emissions of harmful air pollutants such as sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter will also increase by tens of thousands of tonnes, with potential social costs of USD170 million per year.

An ISO New England study found that as the fuel mix shifted toward natural gas, regional emissions dropped 91 percent for sulfur dioxide and 56 percent for nitrogen oxide (as well as 22 percent for carbon dioxide) between 2006 and 2015.

Greater natural gas production and use also lowers emissions of other air pollutants, such as mercury, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and particulate matter.

For example, early global chemical modelling results argued that global tropospheric ozone, a greenhouse gas, was controlled by emissions of the highly reactive gases nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC, also known as volatile organic compounds, VOC).