Sentences with phrase «noise ratio in»

For a while, I have been fascinated with the topic of signal to noise ratio in climate measurement.

This is bad for the signal to noise ratio in the policy debate and ethically contemptible because it excludes from that premature debate those who honor their fiduciary undertakings as reviewers.

If you don't know, what happens to the signal - to - noise ratio in taking an average, you don't know anything about statistics.

Very low signal to noise ratio in climate change data.

We conduct a series of large ensemble simulations (7 experiments at 200 years each) to increase the signal - to - noise ratio in the stratosphere.

There'll be a mass of data to test the models against — a really big signal - to - noise ratio in a few decades time.

Since ENSO is the dominant mode of interannual variability, this variance relative to the expected trend due to long - term rises in greenhouse gases implies a lower signal to noise ratio in the satellite data.

Specifically, he addressed a claim made by Will Happer, a Princeton professor, that no models demonstrate decadal variability in trends (which was not the case), and explored in depth the signal to noise ratio in determining climate trends much more comprehensively than had been done previously.

Ironically, most of his takeaways are things that weren't unknown to anyone paying attention a year ago, including the value of an email list; the importance of an author's platform; the increasingly out - of - whack signal: noise ratio in the market; print as premium product; the power of free promotions combined with targeted marketing; and, perhaps the most obvious, ebooks have a long way to go before they replace print.

However, there are several outstanding challenges caused by the relaxation and decoherence processes of the NV center electron spin as these limit quantum gate fidelities on nuclear registers as well as spectral resolution, selectivity and signal to noise ratio in sensing applications.

There'll be a mass of data to test the models against — a really big signal - to - noise ratio in a few decades time.

That detection was riddled with problems, drawn out from spurious data, and ignored a low signal - to - noise ratio in search of a sensational new planet, the kind science fiction has long dreamed of.

Banks excited about their blockchain work may do well to monitor their signal - to - noise ratios in 2018.

Not exact matches

Let's just say that the signal - to - noise ratio for investors has degraded substantially over the yearsIn spite of the large increase in investment information relative to the past, there is little evidence that active managers in aggregate have improved their performance relative to passive strategies.

Wooldridge characterizes the reticular system as the establisher of an optimal signal - to - noise ratio, so to speak, upon which higher levels of experience are staged:» «Volume - control» signals are generated in the reticular system to reduce our sensitivity to uninteresting or irrelevant stimuli and thereby permit us to achieve the peculiar but highly useful phenomenon of mental concentration» (4:143).

The noise was measured in decibels with a signal - to - noise ratio and not surprisingly, the lower the ratio, the easier it was for toddlers to learn.

A single, small, retrospective case - control study examined the use of newborn transient evoked otoacoustic emission hearing screening tests as a tool for identifying infants at subsequent risk of SIDS.343 Infants who subsequently died from SIDS did not fail their hearing tests but, compared with controls, showed a decreased signal - to - noise ratio score in the right ear only (at frequencies of 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz).

This panel combines new generations of FISH technologies, pairing oligonucleotide - based SureFISH technology with a ready - to - use formulation of formamide - free IQ Hybridization Buffer, resulting in high signal - to - noise ratios with less than 4 hours of turnaround time.

Now, researchers from the Graphene Flagship have developed a new device for recording brain activity in high resolution while maintaining excellent signal to noise ratio (SNR).

It implies that waves whose frequencies are not in simple ratios produce an unpleasant buzzing noise known as «beats».

Dynamic range is the ratio between the signal ceiling over the noise floor and is usually measured in decibels (dB).

The spatial range corresponding to a good signal - to - noise ratio was tens of meters in the indoor noise environment of the NIST tests, but could be extended to hundreds of meters if the noise were reduced to the sensitivity levels of the sensor.

This extraordinary leap in efficiency is achieved by placing a layer of metamaterials onto the bed of the scanner, which improves the signal - to - noise ratio.

This allows the researchers to make complete measurements in a manner constrained only by the system repetition, detection rate and desired signal - to - noise ratio of the overall final measurement according to Dennett.

The paper, published June 26 in the journal Nature, shows that attention increases the efficiency of signaling into the brain's cerebral cortex and boosts the ratio of signal over noise.

«We employed several approximations to determine the amount of data required in bits to fully store a human genetic code and neural information, and the signal to noise ratio of typical signalling equipment.

By stacking together and averaging those images, taken in November of 1980, Stryk was able to boost the signal - to - noise ratio of the final picture and so reveal the feature he argues are the plumes found by Cassini decades later.

Discovered in 1940 by Claude Shannon, this limit depends on the channel's bandwidth — the number of frequencies it can transmit — and its signal - to - noise ratio.

g (acceleration due to gravity) G (gravitational constant) G star G1.9 +0.3 gabbro Gabor, Dennis (1900 — 1979) Gabriel's Horn Gacrux (Gamma Crucis) gadolinium Gagarin, Yuri Alexeyevich (1934 — 1968) Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center GAIA Gaia Hypothesis galactic anticenter galactic bulge galactic center Galactic Club galactic coordinates galactic disk galactic empire galactic equator galactic habitable zone galactic halo galactic magnetic field galactic noise galactic plane galactic rotation galactose Galatea GALAXIES galaxy galaxy cannibalism galaxy classification galaxy formation galaxy interaction galaxy merger Galaxy, The Galaxy satellite series Gale Crater Galen (c. AD 129 — c. 216) galena GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) Galilean satellites Galilean telescope Galileo (Galilei, Galileo)(1564 — 1642) Galileo (spacecraft) Galileo Europa Mission (GEM) Galileo satellite navigation system gall gall bladder Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812 — 1910) gallic acid gallium gallon gallstone Galois, Évariste (1811 — 1832) Galois theory Galton, Francis (1822 — 1911) Galvani, Luigi (1737 — 1798) galvanizing galvanometer game game theory GAMES AND PUZZLES gamete gametophyte Gamma (Soviet orbiting telescope) Gamma Cassiopeiae Gamma Cassiopeiae star gamma function gamma globulin gamma rays Gamma Velorum gamma - ray burst gamma - ray satellites Gamow, George (1904 — 1968) ganglion gangrene Ganswindt, Hermann (1856 — 1934) Ganymede «garbage theory», of the origin of life Gardner, Martin (1914 — 2010) Garneau, Marc (1949 ---RRB- garnet Garnet Star (Mu Cephei) Garnet Star Nebula (IC 1396) garnierite Garriott, Owen K. 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(1940 ---RRB- Gauer - Henry reflex gauge boson gauge theory gauss (unit) Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777 — 1855) Gaussian distribution Gay - Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778 — 1850) GCOM (Global Change Observing Mission) Geber (c. 720 — 815) gegenschein Geiger, Hans Wilhelm (1882 — 1945) Geiger - Müller counter Giessler tube gel gelatin Gelfond's theorem Gell - Mann, Murray (1929 ---RRB- GEM «gemination,» of martian canals Geminga Gemini (constellation) Gemini Observatory Gemini Project Gemini - Titan II gemstone gene gene expression gene mapping gene pool gene therapy gene transfer General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) general precession general theory of relativity generation ship generator Genesis (inflatable orbiting module) Genesis (sample return probe) genetic code genetic counseling genetic disorder genetic drift genetic engineering genetic marker genetic material genetic pool genetic recombination genetics GENETICS AND HEREDITY Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Program genome genome, interstellar transmission of genotype gentian violet genus geoboard geode geodesic geodesy geodesy satellites geodetic precession Geographos (minor planet 1620) geography GEOGRAPHY Geo - IK geologic time geology GEOLOGY AND PLANETARY SCIENCE geomagnetic field geomagnetic storm geometric mean geometric sequence geometry GEOMETRY geometry puzzles geophysics GEOS (Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) Geosat geostationary orbit geosynchronous orbit geosynchronous / geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) geosyncline Geotail (satellite) geotropism germ germ cells Germain, Sophie (1776 — 1831) German Rocket Society germanium germination Gesner, Konrad von (1516 — 1565) gestation Get Off the Earth puzzle Gettier problem geyser g - force GFO (Geosat Follow - On) GFZ - 1 (GeoForschungsZentrum) ghost crater Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) ghost image Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) Giacconi, Riccardo (1931 ---RRB- Giacobini - Zinner, Comet (Comet 21P /) Giaever, Ivar (1929 ---RRB- giant branch Giant Magellan Telescope giant molecular cloud giant planet giant star Giant's Causeway Giauque, William Francis (1895 — 1982) gibberellins Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839 — 1903) Gibbs free energy Gibson, Edward G. (1936 ---RRB- Gilbert, William (1544 — 1603) gilbert (unit) Gilbreath's conjecture gilding gill gill (unit) Gilruth, Robert R. (1913 — 2000) gilsonite gimbal Ginga ginkgo Giotto (ESA Halley probe) GIRD (Gruppa Isutcheniya Reaktivnovo Dvisheniya) girder glacial drift glacial groove glacier gland Glaser, Donald Arthur (1926 — 2013) Glashow, Sheldon (1932 ---RRB- glass GLAST (Gamma - ray Large Area Space Telescope) Glauber, Johann Rudolf (1607 — 1670) glaucoma glauconite Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921 ---RRB- Glenn Research Center Glennan, T (homas) Keith (1905 — 1995) glenoid cavity glia glial cell glider Gliese 229B Gliese 581 Gliese 67 (HD 10307, HIP 7918) Gliese 710 (HD 168442, HIP 89825) Gliese 86 Gliese 876 Gliese Catalogue glioma glissette glitch Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA) Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Globalstar globe Globigerina globular cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. (1932 — 2016) golygon GOMS (Geostationary Operational Meteorological Satellite) gonad gonadotrophin - releasing hormone gonadotrophins Gondwanaland Gonets goniatite goniometer gonorrhea Goodricke, John (1764 — 1786) googol Gordian Knot Gordon, Richard Francis, Jr. (1929 — 2017) Gore, John Ellard (1845 — 1910) gorge gorilla Gorizont Gott loop Goudsmit, Samuel Abraham (1902 — 1978) Gould, Benjamin Apthorp (1824 — 1896) Gould, Stephen Jay (1941 — 2002) Gould Belt gout governor GPS (Global Positioning System) Graaf, Regnier de (1641 — 1673) Graafian follicle GRAB graben GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) graceful graph gradient Graham, Ronald (1935 ---RRB- Graham, Thomas (1805 — 1869) Graham's law of diffusion Graham's number GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) grain (cereal) grain (unit) gram gram - atom Gramme, Zénobe Théophile (1826 — 1901) gramophone Gram's stain Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) Granat Grand Tour grand unified theory (GUT) Grandfather Paradox Granit, Ragnar Arthur (1900 — 1991) granite granulation granule granulocyte graph graph theory graphene graphite GRAPHS AND GRAPH THEORY graptolite grass grassland gravel graveyard orbit gravimeter gravimetric analysis Gravitational Biology Facility gravitational collapse gravitational constant (G) gravitational instability gravitational lens gravitational life gravitational lock gravitational microlensing GRAVITATIONAL PHYSICS gravitational slingshot effect gravitational waves graviton gravity gravity gradient gravity gradient stabilization Gravity Probe A Gravity Probe B gravity - assist gray (Gy) gray goo gray matter grazing - incidence telescope Great Annihilator Great Attractor great circle Great Comets Great Hercules Cluster (M13, NGC 6205) Great Monad Great Observatories Great Red Spot Great Rift (in Milky Way) Great Rift Valley Great Square of Pegasus Great Wall greater omentum greatest elongation Green, George (1793 — 1841) Green, Nathaniel E. Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula (HH215)

This allows us to build imaging systems that detect specific application relevant information in the huge amount of accessible optical data with the best possible signal to noise ratio.

In comparisons, these preprocessing methods are often assessed with only a single metric of rs - fMRI data quality, such as reliability, without considering other aspects in tandem, such as signal - to - noise ratio and group discriminabilitIn comparisons, these preprocessing methods are often assessed with only a single metric of rs - fMRI data quality, such as reliability, without considering other aspects in tandem, such as signal - to - noise ratio and group discriminabilitin tandem, such as signal - to - noise ratio and group discriminability.

Abstract: Modal noise in fibers has been shown to limit the signal - to - noise ratio achievable in fiber - coupled, high - resolution spectrographs if it is not mitigated via modal scrambling techniques.

To clarify, I argued that BC17 undersold the statistical strength of the relationships involved, in the RCP8.5 2090 case focussed on in their Abstract, for which the signal - to - noise ratio is highest.

After we have calculated the S indices for the 5,648 main - sequence stars based on the LAMOST spectra with signal - to - noise ratios higher than 10 in the blue part of the spectrum, including the subset of 48 superflare stars, it is possible to calculate the flare rates.

The new 2K scan was made from the original film negative and retains the grain and softness you would have seen during its original release in 1974, as Scream Factory has not applied any digital noise reduction and restored the original 1.85:1 aspect ratio used in U.S. theaters.

Even more noticeable than the toggling aspect ratio are the drop - offs in shadow detail and sudden spikes in picture noise.

Under normal use the engine stays impressively subdued, but requests for big acceleration - the sort that would get an automatic kicking down to its lowest available ratio - result in it accelerating to peak revs, resulting in a noise out of keeping with the character of the car.

However, Lexus may be going a step too far with fake exhaust noise in the sport modes and fake rev - matching noises to give people the sense of stepped ratios instead of the dreaded CVT drone.

Features included with or exclusive to Colorado diesel models: Smart diesel exhaust brake system that enhances vehicle control and reduces brake wear on steep grades Standard Hydra - Matic 6L50 six - speed automatic transmission matched with a Centrifugal Pendulum Vibration Absorber (CPVA) in the torque converter, which reduces powertrain noise and vibration The Z82 trailering package is standard and includes a hitch receiver and seven - pin connector An all - new integrated trailer brake controller is standard and exclusive on diesel models The G80 automatic locking rear differential is standard A 3.42 rear axle ratio is standard A new, electronically controlled two - speed transfer case is included on 4WD models Maximum trailering rating of 7,700 pounds (3,492 kg) for 2WD models and 7,600 pounds (3,447 kg) for 4WD GVWRs of 6,000 pounds (2,721 kg) for 2WD and 6,200 pounds (2,812 kg) for 4WD «A diesel engine was part of the Colorado's portfolio plan from the very beginning, meaning the chassis, suspension and other elements of its architecture were engineered to support its capability,» said Scott Yackley, assistant chief engineer.

The one - to - one motion ratio of the shocks optimizes the efficiency of the damping allowing engineers to make vast changes in the tuning of the suspension for comfort and control with no increase in road noise.

Smart diesel exhaust brake system that enhances vehicle control and reduces brake wear on steep grades Standard Hydra - Matic 6L50 six - speed automatic transmission matched with a Centrifugal Pendulum Vibration Absorber (CPVA) in the torque converter, which reduces powertrain noise and vibration The Z82 trailering package is standard and includes a hitch receiver and seven - pin connector An all - new integrated trailer brake controller is standard and exclusive on diesel models The G80 automatic locking rear differential is standard A 3.42 rear axle ratio is standard A new, electronically controlled two - speed transfer case is included on 4WD models Maximum trailering rating of 7,700 pounds (3,492 kg) for 2WD models and 7,600 pounds (3,447 kg) for 4WD GVWRs of 6,000 pounds (2,721 kg) for 2WD and 6,200 pounds (2,812 kg) for 4WD.

Iridescent Pearl Tricoat with Saddle Leather interior, GPS Navigation System, Foward Collision Alert, Lane Keep Assist, Lane Departure Warning, Back Up Camera, Remote Start, Power Sunroof / Moonroof, Bluetooth Connectivity, Apple CarPlay & Android Auto Capability, OnStar with 4G LTE & Built - in Wi - Fi HotSpot, MP3 Player, USB Port, AUX Jack, Power Driver Seat, Assist Steps, Bedliner, Custom Wheels, All Terrain Tires, Memory Settings, Heated and Cooled Bucket Seats, Leather Wrapped Heated Steering Wheel, 110 - Volt AC Power Outlet, 3.23 Rear Axle Ratio, Active Noise Cancellation, Bose Speaker System, Deep - Tinted Glass, Dual - Zone Automatic Climate Control, Enhanced Driver Alert Package, EZ Lift & Lower Tailgate, High Country Deluxe, Integrated Trailer Brake Controller, Perforated Leather Appointed Seat Trim, Power - Retractable Assist Steps, Preferred Equipment Group 3LZ, Single Slot CD / MP3 Player, SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Trailering Package, Ultrasonic Front & Rear Park Assist, Wheels: 22» 7 - Spoke Silver (LPO), Wireless Charging.

Intuitively, we all know why a lot of people won't be making any more money on their self - published book than their day job earns them in an hour, and it's to do with signal - to - noise ratios.

In practice, an analog signal is subjected to electronic noise and distortion introduced by signal processing operations and communication channels, which can progressively degrade the signal - to - noise ratio (SNR).

At stake in each of these practices — and in «Copied» as an exhibition — is an investigation of what is made or unmade through the act of copying, the ratio of signal to noise that results in the passage from original to offspring.»

Adding new sites with the appropriate precautions taken with respect to their location increases the number of data points, in essence paying for the additional noise which they introduce into the trends — in the same way that increasing the number of coin tosses leads to a heads to tosses ratio closer to one half.

It's been argued a significant trend is expected under a warming climate, but the signal - to - noise ratio is still too low in most places in Antarctica, even where the warming trend (e.g. WAIS) is quite large.

It depends on the signal - to - noise ratio, so for global temperature in recent decades 20 years has been about enough, for CO2 concentration 4 years is more than enough while for hurricane frequency 50 years is probably too short.

When you consider the entire satellite era (1979 to present), signal - to - noise ratios for global - scale changes in lower tropospheric temperature now exceed 5 — even for UAH lower tropospheric temperature data (see...» fact sheet «-RRB-.

But detectability is a function of the signal to noise ratio — a small shift in the mean of a distribution can give a detectable signal at the tail but not a significant signal near the middle.