Greater odds of the prevalence of having a chronic condition during any part of the 6 - year study period were found among black children (46.6 %; 95 % CI, 43.6 % -49.7 %) and Hispanic children (42.3 %; 95 % CI, 38.4 % -46.3 %) compared with
non-Hispanic white children (36.8 %; 95 % CI, 34.7 % -38.9 %)(adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.60; 95 % CI, 1.35 - 1.90, and AOR, 1.36; 95 % CI, 1.11 - 1.67, respectively)(Table 3).
Values are ORs from logistic regression: ORs represent the unit change in the covariates (eg, at age 15 mo, mothers of
non-Hispanic white children have 0.68 times lower odds of intrusiveness than do mothers of children who are not non-Hispanic white].
Our data reconfirm that vigorous activity among ethnic minority children is lower than in
non-Hispanic white children.17, 18 Such information must be considered when developing physical education curricula and community - based intervention strategies aimed at increasing physical activity among different target populations.
Latino children, however, fare far worse being 60 % more likely to develop asthma than
non-Hispanic white children.
However, our results show that the achievement gap, while negligible among black and
non-Hispanic white children with similar characteristics when they enter kindergarten, expands as they grow older.
Greater odds of the prevalence of having a chronic condition during any part of the 6 - year study period were found among black children (46.6 %; 95 % CI, 43.6 % -49.7 %) and Hispanic children (42.3 %; 95 % CI, 38.4 % -46.3 %) compared with
non-Hispanic white children (36.8 %; 95 % CI, 34.7 % -38.9 %)(adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.60; 95 % CI, 1.35 - 1.90, and AOR, 1.36; 95 % CI, 1.11 - 1.67, respectively)(Table 3).
When broken down by race,
non-Hispanic white children had the largest change in terms of living in high - poverty neighborhoods.
In Rhode Island,
the non-Hispanic White child population declined by 21 % between 2000 and 2010, while the Latino child population grew by 31 %.
Not exact matches
Only 54 percent of
children under age 18 are
white non-Hispanics compared with 80 percent of people over age 65.
According to the U.S. Census, by «2020 less than half of
children in the United States are projected to be
non-Hispanic white alone (49.8 percent of the projected 73.9 million
children under age 18).»»
According to the most recent census data, only 1.1 percent of
non-Hispanic white women bear five or six
children over the course of their lifetime.
For the study, Chen and McElwain examined data from 913 study
children (50 percent were boys; 78 percent were
non-Hispanic white) and their friends who were participants in the NICHD Study of Early
Child Care and Youth Development.
Children with parent - reported ADHD represented 8.8 percent of the 76,227 children, and were more likely to be male, aged 12 — 17 and non-Hispani
Children with parent - reported ADHD represented 8.8 percent of the 76,227
children, and were more likely to be male, aged 12 — 17 and non-Hispani
children, and were more likely to be male, aged 12 — 17 and
non-Hispanic white.
In this report, the term
white means
non-Hispanic white and the term Latino or Hispanic means
children of Latino origin, whatever their race or multiracial background may be.
Specifically, African - American and Hispanic
children are more than twice as likely to live in poverty as
non-Hispanic white and Asian - Pacific Islander
children (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2001).
Methods Using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for
Children version 2.3, interviewers assessed a randomly selected, stratified sample of 1829 African American,
non-Hispanic white, and Hispanic youth (1172 males, 657 females, ages 10 - 18 years) who were arrested and detained in Cook County, Illinois (which includes Chicago and surrounding suburbs).
Although the data set was primarily
non-Hispanic white, there was still an unprecedented number of videotaped observed mother -
child eating episodes in low - income and minority populations compared with the samples in prior published work.
The 1218
children included in this analysis did not differ by sex from the 146
children in the original cohort not included (P = 0.13); however, they were more likely to be
non-Hispanic white (77.3 % compared with 68.5 %; P = 0.02), and their mothers had more years of education (14.4 compared with 13.2; P < 0.001).
At age 36 mo, the
child sample was 50.0 % male, 78.5 %
non-Hispanic white, and 18.7 % overweight.
Specifically, our cohort included 276
children who were not
non-Hispanic white.
Intervention families in the sample interviewed at 30 to 33 months had fewer demographic risk factors than did control families; a greater percentage of mothers in intervention families were college graduates,
white,
non-Hispanic, had family incomes of $ 50 000 or greater, and had
children not insured by Medicaid (Table 1).
The following statistics have been reported for this region: 10 % poor; $ 48,834 median yearly income; 78 %
non-Hispanic white; 11 % African American / black; 88 % high school education or more; and 73 % marriage rate for families with
children (FedStats, 2002; NCES, 2001).
Where the relative well - being of
children of different backgrounds (and particularly
non-Hispanic white to
non-Hispanic African American and
non-Hispanic white to Hispanic) ranks with other states.
Similarly, while Alabama often scores well below the national average on the overall Kids Count rankings and has a higher rate of overall poverty, its rankings rise when examined by different races and ethnicities — and the disparities (differences in overall scores for
white non-Hispanic children and African - American
non-Hispanic children or Hispanic
children) are much smaller than many northern states.
They do well on overall rankings neither because they have reduced disparities nor have done exceptionally well for their
white non-Hispanic children, but because they have so few
children of color.
According to the 2010 US Census, 64 % of
children were
non-Hispanic White (down from 73 % in 2000), 8 % of
children were Black or African American, 3 % were Asian, 9 % of
children were identified as Some other race, and 7 % as Two or more races.
Data for
non-Hispanic white and Asian
children, 2000 - 2007:
Child Trends calculations of U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplement.
Non-Hispanic white boys were also more likely to be suspended or expelled than other
children, but by a smaller margin — 3 to 4 times higher odds.
For example, compared to older mothers, teen mothers display lower levels of verbal stimulation and involvement, higher levels of intrusiveness, and maternal speech that is less varied and complex.47, 48 Mothers with fewer years of education read to their
children less frequently25, 49 and demonstrate less sophisticated language and literacy skills themselves, 50 which affects the quantity and quality of their verbal interactions with their
children.2 Parental education, in turn, relates to household income: poverty and persistent poverty are strongly associated with less stimulating home environments, 51 and parents living in poverty have
children who are at risk for cognitive, academic, and social - emotional difficulties.52, 53 Finally, Hispanic and African American mothers are, on average, less likely to read to their
children than
White,
non-Hispanic mothers; 54 and Spanish - speaking Hispanic families have fewer
children's books available in the home as compared to their
non-Hispanic counterparts.25 These racial and ethnic findings are likely explained by differences in family resources across groups, as minority status is often associated with various social - demographic risks.
Demographic information was obtained in the initial parent interview, including the
child's sex, age (in years), race / ethnicity (coded into 4 groups:
white non-Hispanic, black
non-Hispanic, other
non-Hispanic, and Hispanic any race), socioeconomic status (SES), and place size of the
child's town or city of residence.
Saliva samples were collected from 175
non-Hispanic White, 4 - year - old
children.