Of the 126 affected dogs that have died, 76 deaths (60.3 %) were directly attributed to the seizure disorder, with the cause of death reported as death during seizure (16.1 % of all seizure related deaths) or euthanasia because of uncontrolled seizures (65.8 %), hepatotoxicity from phenobarbital treatment (6.6 %), aspiration during seizures leading to fatal pneumonia (6.6 %), or euthanasia because of
non-recovery after a seizure (3.9 %).