The good news is that
a nonlinear light scattering theory, developed for nanostructures by Dutch scientist Sylvie Roke, does.
Scientists with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC) Berkeley have shown, using a recent theory for
nonlinear light scattering when light passes through nanostructures, that it is possible to predict the nonlinear optical properties of metamaterials.
«We call the interactions of light and our metamaterial phase - mismatch free because
the nonlinear light emission is equal in all directions.»
«Researchers create
nonlinear light - generating zero - index metamaterial.»
In a study led by Xiang Zhang, a faculty scientist with Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Division, the research team used a unique optical metamaterial with a refractive index of zero to generate «phase mismatch - free
nonlinear light,» meaning the generated light waves move through the material gaining strength in all directions.
Not exact matches
Nonlinear optical processes provide the basis for important functionalities in photonics, such as frequency conversion of
light, generation of ultrashort
light pulses, as well as optical processing and manipulation.
When these
light sources were first made,
nonlinear optics began to develop quickly, but even today not all
nonlinear optical effects are fully researched.
Only lasers provide a sufficiently strong
light (more accurately, beam intensity) capable of producing
nonlinear effects.
When the refractive index is different for different
light intensities, the material is described as being optically
nonlinear.
«Brillouin isolators do already exist, but they are
nonlinear devices requiring filtering of the scattered
light.
The advantages of transmitting
light signals instead of electrical ones have led to ultrapure glass, semiconductor alloys only a few atoms thick and «
nonlinear» materials that are now revolutionizing communications
Photonics applications rely greatly on what physicists call
nonlinear optics — the different way in which materials behave depending on the intensity of
light that passes through them.
The new technique developed by Brasselet and her research team makes use of a
nonlinear effect called coherent Raman scattering that occurs when
light interacts with molecules.
However, not many materials show
nonlinear optical effects and, at the same time, exhibit sufficient
light transmission in the infrared spectral range.
This phase mismatch - free quality holds promise for quantum computing and networking, and future
light sources based on
nonlinear optics — the phenomena that occur when interactions with
light modify a material's properties.
«The removal of phase matching in
nonlinear optical metamaterials may lead to applications such as efficient multidirectional
light emissions for novel
light sources and the generation of entangled photons for quantum networking.»
Kenneth Seddon and his colleagues at Sussex University have experimented with «
nonlinear» materials that can double the frequency of
light which passes through them.
It is difficult to make a green laser directly, so
nonlinear optical crystals are used to convert infrared
light to green.
Since interacting
light beams with different colours pass through a
nonlinear optical material at different speeds, they can become «out of step» and the desired effect can be lost.
In the developed
light source, a
nonlinear optical crystal is irradiated with
light from an ultraviolet laser.
Scientists from the Cockrell School of Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin realized a 400 - nanometer - thick
nonlinear mirror that reflects radiation at twice the input
light frequency.
This will require accurately predicting
nonlinear optical properties — meaning that interaction with
light changes a material's properties, for example,
light emerges from the material with a different frequency than when it entered.
Due to the small extent of optical nonlinearity in naturally occurring materials, high
light intensities and long propagation distances in
nonlinear crystals are typically required to produce detectable
nonlinear optical effects.
The scientists demonstrated this functionality by realizing a 400 - nanometer - thick
nonlinear mirror that reflects radiation at twice the input
light frequency.
Second harmonic
light is a
nonlinear optical property in which photons with the same frequency interact with a
nonlinear material to produce new photons at twice the energy and half the wavelength of the originals.
The metamaterials were created with
nonlinear optical response a million times as strong as traditional
nonlinear materials and demonstrated frequency conversion in films 100 times as thin as human hair using
light intensity comparable with that of a laser pointer.
Nonlinear optical effects are widely used by engineers and scientists to generate new
light frequencies, perform laser diagnostics and advance quantum computing.
He has made pioneering discoveries in plasmonic cloaking (caused by the interaction of
light and metal nanostructures) and invisibility, optical nanocircuits and nanoantennas, non-reciprocal devices, and giant
nonlinear response in optical metamaterials.
Heebner was cited for his «numerous innovations, achievements and technical leadership in high - energy laser systems and integrated optics including
nonlinear optical microresonators and ultrafast
light deflectors.»
Abortive responses and rapid chattering between modes are common problems in
nonlinear systems with not quite enough oomph, the reason why old fluorescent
lights flicker.