«Overall, our results suggest a connection between opioid and heroin use and heroin - related adverse outcomes at the population level, implying that frequent
nonmedical users of prescription opioids, regardless of race or ethnicity, should be the focus of public health efforts to prevent and mitigate the harms of heroin use.»
Though nearly 8 percent of the students reported
nonmedical amphetamine use and about 7 percent reported
nonmedical Adderall use in the past year, about 29 percent of
nonmedical Adderall
users reported no
nonmedical amphetamine use.