In contrast, falsely high serum TSH concentrations (ie, a false - positive result) are occasionally found in euthyroid dogs
with nonthyroidal illness.
Peterson ME, Melián C, Nichols CE: Measurement of serum concentrations of total and free T4 in hyperthyroid cats and cats with
nonthyroidal disease.
Peterson ME, Gamble, DA: Effect
of nonthyroidal disease on serum thyroxine concentrations in cats: 494 cases (1988).
Additionally, some dogs with other non-thyroid diseases may have artificially low T4 and T3 values due to metabolic changes without having hypothyroidism; these cases are
called nonthyroidal illness.
Peterson ME, Melián C, Nichols CE: Measurement of serum concentrations of free thyroxine, total thyroxine, and total triiodothyronine in cats with hyperthyroidism and cats with
nonthyroidal disease.
This is called «
nonthyroidal illness syndrome» or «euthyroid sick syndrome,» and has no known relationship to the development of clinical hypothyroidism in dogs.
Kantrowitz LB, Peterson, ME, Melián C, Nichols R: Serum total thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and thyrotropin concentrations in dogs with
nonthyroidal disease.
In addition, a variety of
nonthyroidal factors (eg, nonthyroidal illness and prior administration of certain drugs) can lead to low serum thyroid hormone measurements in euthyroid dogs, cats, and other species.
However, a subnormal basal T4 concentration alone is not diagnostic; it may indicate an animal that is normal, hypothyroid, or suffering from
a nonthyroidal illness with a secondary decrease in the basal T4 concentration (sick euthyroid syndrome; see below).
Testing of thyroid function should be postponed until
the nonthyroidal illness is resolved.
Illness not involving the thyroid gland can alter thyroid function tests and has been labeled «
nonthyroidal illness» or «euthyroid sick syndrome.»
With quantitative measurement of thyroidal 99mTc uptake, there is little to no overlap between dogs with primary hypothyroidism and dogs with
nonthyroidal illness.