Sentences with phrase «normal cell processes»

These are just two examples of the wide - ranging implications of virology research — with revelations about one virus often applying to several others, as well as to normal cell processes.

Not exact matches

Jaundice happens when too much bilirubin — a chemical that red blood cells release during their normal breakdown process — builds up in the blood.

The observation that loss - of - function mutations in DENND5A causes epileptic encephalopathy suggests that DENND5A protein controls membrane trafficking pathways critical for normal neuronal development and strengthens the argument that protein trafficking processes in cells are critical for normal neuronal development and function.

Carcinogens may cause cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with normal biological processes.

Joe W. Ramos, PhD, deputy director of the UH Cancer Center and collaborators focused on investigating how these oncogenes and related signals lead to dysregulation of normal processes within the cell and activate highly mobile and invasive cancer cell behavior.

The technology offers unprecedented views of cellular processes and will allow researchers to observe cells in their natural state, an important step in teasing out normal and disease processes.

They not only custom - coded the smartphone control algorithms, but designed the engineered cells to produce insulin without any «cross-talk» between normal cellular signaling processes.

The latest findings show that genetic defects in the body's ability to manufacture carnitine might be associated with an increased risk of autism because carnitine deficiency interferes with the normal processes by which neural stem cells promote and organize embryonic and fetal brain development.

A decade ago, he replicated the entire human leukemia disease process by introducing oncogenes into normal human blood cells, transplanting them into xenografts (special immune - deficient mice that accept human grafts) and watching leukemia develop — a motherlode discovery that has guided leukemia research ever since.

Measuring a few millimetres across, the pieces of intestinal tissue made by the month - long process contain all the cells and features found in normal gut tissue, and grow by the same route as in embryos.

To understand that process, the Florida State group engineered a fruit fly to produce a mix of cells, some with normal Lgl and some with the altered version.

According to Eckmann, «The special thing about these processes is that they involve known molecules with very long evolutionary histories, previously receiving attention as suppressors of tumour formation within the context of normal cell division.

Although this is a normal process in embryogenesis to build new tissues, when it occurs in cancer cells it generates metastasis.

The researchers have now reported in the journal Nature that the normal process of blood formation differs from what scientists had previously assumed when using data from stem cell transplantations.

«What we're seeing is a normal process — cellular aging — augmented and accelerated once a cell becomes cancerous.

In addition to its known roles in cancerous cells, STAT3 also is an essential mediator of cytokine and growth factor signals in normal cells that are important for diverse processes including immunity and inflammation.

«We have converted skin cells to stem cells and developed a highly efficient process to convert these stem cells into kidney structures that resemble those found in a normal human kidney.

In a bid to progress beyond the shotgun approach to fighting cancer — blasting malignant cells with toxic chemicals or radiation, which kills surrounding healthy cells in the process — researchers at the Harvard - MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology (HST) are using nanotechnology to develop seek - and - destroy models to zero in on and dismantle tumors without damaging nearby normal tissue.

Glioblastoma is the most lethal form of primary brain tumor and leads to death in patients by invading the brain tissue in a process that allows single cells to move through normal brain tissue, which makes complete surgical removal of the tumor impossible.

These effector proteins and other small molecules in their spit cause the root cell to forego normal processes and create a huge feeding site called a syncytium.

Autophagy, Roepe explains, is the process by which cells remove damaged parts of themselves to restore normal function.

Proteins control essentially all biological processes in a cell, and while they may sometimes act alone, proteins most often interact with other proteins to carry out their normal biological functions.

Dr Sophie Roerink, joint first author from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, said: «We found mutational processes in these cancer cells that are just not seen in normal cells, leading to a huge increase in mutation rate for tumours compared with normal cells.

All are driven by cells and genes that escape the normal process of division and begin their own plan to replicate in the body.

«We know that the pathway is important for normal cells to carry their activities as it is involved in regulating metabolism, that is, how cells process nutrients to obtain energy and how cells use energy to grow.

In normal development, all cells turn off genes they don't need, often by attaching a chemical methyl group to the DNA, a process called methylation.

«Autophagy,» which means «self - eating» based on its Greek roots, is the normal physiological process the body's cells use to remove viruses, bacteria, and damaged material from the cell.

The sun's ultraviolet radiation, household chemicals, and environmental pollutants can all cause genotoxic stress, as can normal metabolic processes in cells.

«We showed that PLK1 drives migration of normal prostate epithelial and prostate cancer cells through an entirely different process.»

This process is called intracellular trafficking and it is crucial for the normal functioning of cells.

For cancer to progress, cancer cells modify normal signaling, movement, and growth processes.

The toxicity of chokeberry extract on normal blood vessel lining cells was tested and found to have no effects up to the highest levels used (50 ug / ml), suggesting that the cell death effect is happening in a way other than through preventing new blood vessel formation (anti-angiogenesis), a process that is important in cancer cell growth.

Endocytosis is not normal in cancer cells but how dysregulated the process is in cancer cells has just been revealed by Sarah Elkin and colleagues in the University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center lab of Sandra Schmid.

Through normal cellular processes, free radical - generating substances like peroxides are formed, but antioxidants in the cell work to neutralize them and prevent oxidation.

«A stem cell's job is twofold: to replace or recreate mature cells that are lost over time, both through normal aging and after injury, and to replace themselves so that the process can continue over the life of the animal,» said senior author John Ngai, the Coates Family Professor of Neuroscience and a member of UC Berkeley's Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and the Berkeley Stem Cell Cencell's job is twofold: to replace or recreate mature cells that are lost over time, both through normal aging and after injury, and to replace themselves so that the process can continue over the life of the animal,» said senior author John Ngai, the Coates Family Professor of Neuroscience and a member of UC Berkeley's Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and the Berkeley Stem Cell CenCell Center.

Specifically, they are required in processes in which mammary cells lose their normal polarity, or spatial orientation; and in which the cells lose the ability to commit preprogrammed suicide, or apoptosis, upon detection of gross abnormalities.

Although this human Gut Chip recreated the villus epithelium of normal intestine and enabled new insights into how flow and cyclic peristalsis affects intestinal differentiation and function, it could not be used to study processes that relied on normal intestinal cells from individual donors, which, for example, is crucial for studying patient - specific responses for personalized medicine.

This inflammation is important in the normal healing process, affecting tissue growth and blood flow changes that allow the tissue to heal; when the inflammation subsides, skin cells start growing to cover the wound and help the tissue knit together.

Using genome analysis tools, scientists outlined the multistage process that sperm stem cells undergo during their normal development.

In normal cells, this is a part of the wound repair process when PGE2 induces tissues stem cells to regrow; in cancer PGE2 ironically induces regrowth of more cancer stem cells in between chemotherapy cycles, Kurtova and Xiao said.

Consequently, this research reports the third plant cell fusion event that was identified during normal developmental processes of flowering plants.

While reactive oxygen species (ROS), can damage and kill cells — these molecules have also been implicated in normal biochemical processes.

The scientists looked at a process known as meiosis, which unlike normal cell division (mitosis) has two rounds of nuclear division, to ensure that when sex cells fuse with each other, they have two copies of each chromosome — one from each parent!

This shows how a normal process of tissue development produces a cell type that is predisposed to acquire cancer - causing mutations.

Knowing the origin of each cell and which genes control their normal function are the foundations for scientists to decipher the disease process and eventually to find out how to guide the cells to self - repair or even to build up a brand new organ using amended cells from the patients.»

They suspected that MSI1 — an RNA binding protein — might be important in this process because it is involved in regulating the pool of neural stem cells that are required for normal brain development.

In a normal retina, an enzyme cascade is activated when the retina processes light, and a second set of biochemical reactions takes place when the cells rest.

Triggered to act when the gut becomes inflamed, miR - 34a forces the process of asymmetrical division, helping to control normal stem cell populations.

Multiple mutations in DNA — specifically, abnormalities in the p21 and p53 genes, among other changes — stop the process of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, that normal cells undergo.

Researchers knew at the time that tumors can induce normal endothelial cells to form new blood vessels, a process called angiogenesis.